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2021年初中英语综合知识定语从句试卷及解析125

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2021年初中英语综合知识定语从句试卷及解析

1、—How was your trip to Yangzhou?—Wonderful. I think I have just visited the best place ________ can show us the beauty of Spring. A.what B.who C.that D./ 【答案】C

【解析】句意:——你的扬州之行怎么样?——太棒了。我想我刚刚参观了一个能向我们展示春天之美的最好的地方。考查定语从句。what不引导定语从句;who先行词指人;that先行词指人或物。本句先行词place指物,且从句中缺少主语,故用that引导定语从句。故选C。

2、Do you like music that you excited? A.make B.makes C.making D.to make 【答案】B

【解析】句意:你喜欢让你兴奋的音乐吗?考查定语从句的谓语动词。A make动词原形;B makes第三人称单数形式;C making动名词或现在分词;D to make动词不定式。此题考查定语从句的谓语动词,它由先行词的单复数决定。由于music是不可数名词,此空应填makes,故选B。

3、—Could you please tell me ________ in a year?—Only once or twice. A.how often you go camping

B.how long do you go camping C.how many times you go camping D.NO 【答案】C

【解析】句意:——你能告诉我你一年去野营几次吗?——只有一两次。考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述句语序,B项是疑问句语序,可排除;how often问频率,how long问多长时间,how many times问次数。根据回答“Only once or twice”,可知问的是次数,故选C。

4、Milk quickly goes bad _______ it is put into the fridge. A.if B.unless C.whether D.until 【答案】B

【解析】句意:牛奶很快就会变质,除非把它放在冰箱里。If假如,引导条件状语从句;unless 除非,如果不,引导条件状语从句;whether是否,引导宾语从句;until直到,引导时间状语从句。根据句意,故选B。

5、—Mary’s birthday is coming. I wonder ________.—Of course. She loves gifts.

A.if we should invite her

B.how we should celebrate it C.whether I should prepare a gift D.NO 【答案】C

【解析】句意:——玛丽的生日快到了,我不知道是否该准备一件礼物。——当然。她喜欢礼物。考查宾语从句。根据答语“Of course. She loves gifts.”可知,此处与礼物相关,故选C。

6、The reason________ he didn’t come was__________ he was ill. A.why; that B.that; why

C.for that; that D.for which; what 【答案】A

【解析】句意:他没有来的原因是他生病了。考查关系代词的用法。why关系副词,指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语,它的先行词通常是reason。that关系代词,既可以指人也可以指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。that也可以引导表语从句,在从句中不作句子成分,但不能省略。for that是干扰项,无此结构。for which是“介词+关系代词”的结构。what引导表语从句,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。已知the reason是先行词,所以关系副词用why。he was ill是表语从句,且结构完整,所以用that(不作句子成分)引导,故选A。先行词是reason,关

系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语。但若关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语,则定语从句用that或which引导。

7、—Do you know the girl is talking with our teacher?—Oh, she is my sister. A.which B.what C.whose D.who 【答案】D

【解析】句意:——你认识那个和我们老师谈话的女吗?——噢,她是我的妹妹。考查定语从句。which哪个;what什么;whose谁的;who谁。此句是定语从句,先行词the girl,是人,并且此空作主语,因此关系词用who。which和what通常指物,whose通常指人,但是作定语。故选D。

8、There were many times _____Aron almost lost his life because of accidents. On April 26, 2003, he found himself in a very dangerous situation ______climbing in Utah. A.that; when B.when; that C.when; when D.which; that 【答案】C

【解析】句意:有许多次阿伦因为事故差的送命。在2003年4月26日,在犹他州登山时他发现他自己在非常危险的处境中。考查定语从句和状语从句。通过分析句子可知,第一句是含有定语从句的结构,先行词many times,在定语从句中充当时间状语,用关系副词when做引导词;根据句意和句子结构可知,第二句是when引导的时间状语从句,根据句意可知从句是过去进行时态,从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时,这时候从句的主语和be可以省略,用when+现在分词;故选C。在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构,因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用,例如:Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

9、—We’d better ask the local people when we’ll get to the next town.—We diD But nobody could say ________ it would take. A.how often B.how far C.how long D.NO

【答案】C

【解析】句意:——我们最好问问当地人我们什么时候能到达下一个城镇。——我们问过了。但没人能说出这需要多长时间。考查疑问词辨析。how often多久一次,提问频率;how far多远,提问距离;how long多长时间,多久,提问时间段。根据题干中“We’d better ask the local people when we’ll get to the next town.”要问什么时候能到下个城镇,可推出是说没人能说出需要多长时间,take常表示花费时间,用how long符合题意。故选C。

10、---Wow, your dress is really nice. Could you please tell me ___?---In Beauty Clothes Store. A.when you bought it

B.how much you spent on it C.where you bought it

D.how long you have had it 【答案】C

【解析】句意:——哇,你的衣服真漂亮。你能告诉我你在哪里买的吗?——在漂亮服装店。考查宾语从句。when you bought it你什么时候买的; how much you spent on it你花多少钱买它;where you bought it你在哪买的;how long you have had it你买它多久了?根据回答“In Beauty Clothes Store.”可知问的是地点,所以用“你在哪买的”。故选C。 11、Peter knew _________.

A.whether he has finished reading the book B.why the boy had so many questions

C.there were 4 seasons in a year D.when they will leave for Paris 【答案】B

【解析】句意:彼得知道了为什么这个男孩有这么多问题。考查宾语从句。whether he has finished reading the book他是否读完了这本书,时态是现在完成时;why the boy had so many questions为什么这个男孩有如此多的问题,时态是一般过去时;there were 12 months in a year.一年有12个月,时态是一般过去时;when they will leave for Paris他们什么时候动身去巴黎,时态是一般将来时。分析句子可知,本句是宾语从句,主句是一般过去时,所以从句也是一般过去时态,排除A和D;又因为一年有十二个月是真理,所以应用一般现在时。故选B。

12、This is a heartwarming story about a boy______ saved his mother’s life. A.which B.whom C.who D.whose 【答案】C

【解析】句意:这是一个关于这个男孩的暖心故事,他挽救了他妈妈的生命.A which意思是\"哪一个\"指物,可以作主语也可以作宾语;B whom意思是\"谁\"指人,在从句中作宾语;C who意思是\"谁\"指人,在定语从句中作主语;D whose意思是\"谁的\"可以指属于人的,也可以指属于某物的.根据先行词是boy,空格后面的词语

是saved,因此可知空格处需要一个可以作主语的词语来填空,综上所述,此空故填who,故选C。

13、This is the best book ________ I have ever reaD I like it very much. A.which B.that C.who D.when 【答案】B

【解析】句意:这是我曾经读过的最好的书,我非常喜欢。考查定语从句关系词。which意思是“哪一个”;that意思是“那”在引导定语从句的时候,如果先行词被最高级修饰,这时候必须要用that来引导定语从句;who意思是“谁”作主语,指人;when意思是“什么时候”作时间状语。根据先行词是book,前面还有最高级来修饰book。故选B。

14、Both our minds and bodies should be ready to deal with the most important challenges ________ will come up in the following three months. A.that B.which C.what D.NO 【答案】A

【解析】句意:我们的大脑和身体都应该准备好应对未来三个月将出现的最重要挑战。考查定语从句。that引导定语从句时,先行词指人或物,在从句中作主、宾、

表;which引导定语从句时,先行词指物,在从句中作主、宾、表;what不能引导定语从句。本句先行词challenges“挑战”指物,且其前有形容词最高级修饰,故只能用that引导定语从句。故选A。

15、--- The novel Black Beauty is very nice.--- So it is. Could you tell me ?

A.how long I can borrow it

B.if I can keep it for another week C.when should I return it D.that I can borrow it 【答案】B

【解析】句意:——小说《黑美人》很好看。——就是这样。你能告诉我能不能再借一个星期吗?宾语从句要用陈述句语序,故C错误;根据Could you tell me可知后文是有疑问的,所以排除D;根据So it is.可知他已经对小说内容有所了解了,所以此处指是否能再借一周,故选B。宾语从句主要注意三个方面:语序(从句要用陈述句语序);时态(一般情况主句时一般现在时,从句根据需要选择时态;主句时过去时态,从句用相应的过去时态。);引导词(引导词的选用往往要根据答语来确定)。

16、If we ___ some party games, people ____ themselves then. A.organize; enjoy B.organize; will enjoy C.will organize; enjoy D.will organize; will enjoy

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如果我们组织一些聚会比赛,人们将会玩得很高兴。根据if引导的条件状语从句,不用将来时态,用一般现在时态来代替,排除C/D;根据句意人们将会玩得很高兴,主句用将来时态;故选B

17、—Linda, could you remember________?—Have you forgotten we agreed to go to Hong Kong?

A.where are we going after the exam B.where we are going after the exam C.where are we going to after the exam D.where we are going to after the exam 【答案】B

【解析】句意:——琳达,你能记得我们考试后要去哪里吗?——你忘了我们说好要去的吗?考查宾语从句。根据“could you remember”可知后面用宾语从句,应该用陈述句语序,即疑问词+主语+谓语+宾语,因此可以排除A和C;where是副词,后面的介词to应该去掉,故应填where we are going after the exam。故选B。宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序,即疑问词+主语+谓语+宾语,如上题就是考查宾语从句的语序,这是学生的易错点,因此在做题时要特别注意。

18、______ it was a bit expensive, she decided to buy the nice dress. A.Although B.So C.Because D.But

【答案】A

【解析】句意:虽然有点贵,她还是决定买这件漂亮的衣服。考查连词辨析题。although尽管,表让步;so所以,表结果;because因为,表原因;but但是,表转折。本句前后是让步关系,需用although连接;根据句意结构和语境,可知选A。

19、When will the man ______ wrote a letter to you last month arrive? A./ B.he C.which D.that 【答案】D

【解析】句意:上个月写信给你的那个人什么时候到?考查定语从句的关联词,此句的先行词是the man,指人。which只能指代物;that可以指代人或物,在定语从句中作主语,并且不能省略;he是人称代词,不能引导定语从句,故答案为D。 20、I’ll tell you ________ he told me last week. A.all which B.that

C.all that D.which 【答案】C

【解析】句意:我将把上周他告诉我的一切都告诉你考查定语从句。A all which “所有事+关系代词which”;B that关系代词that;C all that “所有事+关系代词that”;D which关系代词which。首先主句缺宾语,tell you sth.中的sth.为定语从句的先行词,所以all充当主句宾语兼先行词,排除BD;又先行词是不定代词all时,定语从句的关系代词只用that,故选C。该句也可以处理为由what引导的宾语从句,此题横线处填all that=what,此时为宾语从句。 21、This is a heartwarming story about a boy______ saved his mother’s life. A.which B.whom C.who D.whose 【答案】C

【解析】句意:这是一个关于这个男孩的暖心故事,他挽救了他妈妈的生命.A which意思是\"哪一个\"指物,可以作主语也可以作宾语;B whom意思是\"谁\"指人,在从句中作宾语;C who意思是\"谁\"指人,在定语从句中作主语;D whose意思是\"谁的\"可以指属于人的,也可以指属于某物的.根据先行词是boy,空格后面的词语是saved,因此可知空格处需要一个可以作主语的词语来填空,综上所述,此空故填who,故选C。

22、The movie Better Days is about two teenagers ________ support one another in difficulty. A.who B.what

C.which D.where 【答案】A

【解析】句意:电影《少年的你》讲述的是两个在困难中互相支持的青少年。考查定语从句关系词。分子句子定语从句中“... support one another in difficulty.”缺主语成分,因为先行词“teenagers”青少年,所以关系词可用who指代。故选A。

23、—Your book is very interesting. Could you tell me ______?—In Xinhua Bookstore next to our school. A.where did you buy it B.why did you buy it C.where you bought it D.why you bought it 【答案】C

【解析】句意:——你的书很有趣。你能告诉我你在哪儿买的吗?——在我们学校旁边的新华书店。考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述句语序,AB两项都是疑问句语序,可排除。where是问地点,why是问原因;根据回答“In Xinhua Bookstore在新华书店”可知问的是地点,故选C。

24、We thank all the doctors and nurses________are working hard to fight coronavirus. A.how B.when

C.where D.who 【答案】D

【解析】句意:我们感谢正在努力对抗冠状病毒的所有医生和护士。考查定语从句。how不能引导定语从句;when先行词为时间,在定从中作时间状语;where先行词为地点,在定从中作地点状语;who先行词为人,在定从中作主宾。分析题干,本句的先行词是doctors and nurses(是表示人的名词),空格处在后半句做主语,所以用关系代词who。故选D。

25、---- Do you know _____ tomorrow?---- At 8 o’clock. A.when will she come B.when she came C.when did she come D.when she will come 【答案】D

【解析】句意:---你知道她明天什么时候来吗?---8点钟。考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序用陈述语序,A和C是疑问句语序,排除A和C;根据宾语从句时间tomorrow(明天)可知宾语从句时态是一般将来时;B是一般过去时,D是一般将来时,可知选D。

26、I think science is difficult,________I like it very much A.but B.so C.because

D.and 【答案】A

【解析】句意:我认为科学是困难的,但是我非常喜欢。so 所以、因此\"because因为; but 但是;and和、与,四者都是连词。空前说difficult,空后说like it,前后是转折的关系,故选A。

27、________there are all sorts of difficulties and challenges, the life of Chinese people is becoming better and better. A.But B.Although C.So D.NO 【答案】B

【解析】句意:虽然有各种困难和挑战,中国人民的生活正越来越好。考查连词辨析。but但是,表转折;although“虽然、即使”,引导让步状语从句;so因此,表因果;从文字的表层意思“即使有各种困难和挑战,中国人民的生活越来越好”,从句表“尽管……”,判断是让步状语从句,故选B。 28、The little girl asked her mum . A.when will her baby teeth start to fall out B.when her baby teeth would start to fall out C.when would her baby teeth start to fall out D.when her baby teeth will start to fall out

【答案】B

【解析】句意:小女孩问她妈妈她的小牙齿什么时候会掉出来。这里是宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除AC;主句中asked是过去式,从句用相应的过去时态,根据语境可知是将来时,这里用过去将来时,用would+动词原形。根据题意,故选B。 29、There ________ a supermarket and a library in my neighborhooD A.be B.have C.are D.is 【答案】D

【解析】句意:我家附近有一家超市和一个图书馆。考查主谓一致。be是,动词原形;have有;are是,be动词复数形式;is是,be动词三单形式;根据“There...a supermarket...”可知,此处是there be句型,所以此处要用be动词形式,因there be结构中的谓语动词遵循就近原则,所以谓语动词要跟“a supermarket ”一致, “a supermarket”是单数名词,所以be动词用is。故选D。

30、--Mr. Gao went to Shanghai for the air exhibition last week.--Is that _______ he had two days off? A.what B.when C.why D.where

【答案】C

【解析】句意:--高先生上周去上海参加航空展览会了。--这就是他请了两天假的原因吗?考查疑问词,A what什么;B when何时;C why为什么;D where哪里。观察句子,两句的关系是因果关系,前一句是请两天假的原因,故选C。

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