2022届新教材高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第三册Unit3EnvironmentalProtecti

选择性必修第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection

主题语境：人与自然(保护环境)

【话题词汇】 1.ecology n. 生态

2.noisy adj. 嘈杂的；喧闹的 3.smelly adj. 有臭味的 4.radiation n. 放射，放射物 5.emission n. 排放 6.rubbish n. 垃圾；废物 7.litter n. 垃圾；废物 8.forbid vt. 禁止 9.ban vt. 禁止

10.permit vt.&n. 许可，允许 11.reduce v. 减少

12.prevent v. 阻止，防止，预防 13.advocate vt. 拥护，支持，提倡 14.conservation n. 保存，保护，管理 15.replace vt. 取代 16.substitute v. 取代

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【话题短语】

1.live in harmony with... 与……和谐相处 2.raise the awareness of... 唤醒……的意识 3.protect...from... 保护……不受……(危害) 4.be covered with 被……覆盖 5.be crowded with 挤满，拥塞 6.turn off 关掉

7.die out 灭亡；逐渐消失 8.tear down 拆掉；拆毁 9.save energy 节约能源 10.get damaged 遭到破坏

【话题佳句】

1.It is necessary for us to protect our environment. 对我们来说，保护环境是必要的。

2.Only in this way can we live in harmony with the animals. 只有这样我们才能与动物和谐相处。

3.Water resources have bee so badly polluted that some of the water is unfit to drink or to use.

水资源已经被污染得如此严重，以至于一些水已经不适合饮用或使用。

【话题练习】

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1.It is well­known that the global water shortage is being increasingly severe mainly due to global warming.

众所周知，由于全球变暖，全球水资源短缺问题正变得日益严重。

2.It is urgent to stop damaging the earth and spare no effort to protect it and make it a lovely place to live in.

形势紧急，破坏地球的行为应该叫停了，应不遗余力地保护地球，把地球变成一个适宜居住的美丽的地方。

Ⅰ.重点单词

1．________________n. 排放物；散发物；排放 2．________________ v. 挨饿 3．________________ v. 排放；释放 4．________________ n. 生态；生态学

5．________________ adj. 全部的；所有的；详尽的 6．________________ n. 碳

7．________________ vt.& vi. 参加运动；领导运动n. 运动；战役 8．________________ vt.&vi. 提交；呈递；屈服

9．________________ adj. 每年的；一年的n. 年刊；年鉴 10．________________ v. 恢复；使复原；修复

11．________________ vi. & vt. 改革；(使)改正；改造n. 改革；变革；改良 12．________________ n. 燃料；刺激性言行

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13．________________ vt.&vi. 播送；广播；传播n. 广播节目；电视节目 14．________________ adv. 频繁地 15．________________ n. 公司

Ⅱ.拓展单词

1．________ v．检查；视察→ ________ n. 检查→ ________ n. 检查员 2．________ n．保护→________ v．保护→ ________ n．环境保护主义者 3．________ v．起源→________ n. 起源；出身→________ adj.最初的 4．________ v. 维持；保持→________ adj.可持续的 5．________ v. → ________ n． 6．________ adj. 和谐的→ ________ n．和谐

7．________ v．容忍→ ________ n．容忍→________ adj.宽容的 8．________ v．提交；屈服 →________ n．递交；屈服 9．________ n. 规如此；→________ v.

10．________ n．生态→________ adj.生态的→ ________ n．生态学家 联想拓展

单复数意义不同的名词小结 ①custom (风俗) →customs (海关) ②manner (方式) →manners (礼貌) ③paper (纸) →papers (文件) ④art (艺术) →arts (文科) ⑤arm (手臂) →arms (武器)

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⑥short (短的) →shorts (短裤) ⑦work (工作) →works (作品) 表示情绪的高频形容词集锦 ①depressed 沮丧的 ②delighted 欣喜的 ③bored 厌烦的 ④disappointed 失望的 ⑤blue 沮丧的 ⑥sad 悲伤的

⑦excited 兴奋的

Ⅲ.核心短语

1．________________ 因为……感到震惊 2．________________ 根据 3．________________ 对……有影响 4．________________ 查阅；提与；指的是 5．________________ 被困在…… 6．________________ 导致 7．________________ 导致 8．________________ 实行；执行

9．________________ 在实施中；有效；实际上； 事实上 10．________________ 旅游胜地

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联想拓展

“动词＋out〞短语荟萃 ①block out 挡住(光线) ②break out 突发；爆发 ③find out 查出；弄明白 ④look/watch out 当心；提防 ⑤put out 扑灭 ⑥run out 用完

⑦let out 泄露；发出(声音) ⑧die out 灭绝 “v.＋down〞短语集锦

①settle down 定居；平静下来；专心于 ②pass down 传下来 ③bring down 使降低 ④break down 分解；累垮 ⑤cut down 削减；砍倒 ⑥burn down 烧毁

Ⅳ.重点句型

1．句型公式： “with＋宾语＋宾补〞 结构

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________(教材P32)

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随着越来越多的家庭和商业垃圾最终流向河流，水污染的程度也在增加。 2．句型公式： “...，causing...〞， 现在分词引导结果状语。

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________(教材P32) 这些化学物质导致严重的水质问题，引起了鱼的种类的减少。 3．句型There is little doubt that……毫无疑问

______________________ Earth is getting warmer and warmer. 毫无疑问地球正在变得越来越热。 4．who 引导的定语从句指人

______________________ found its dead body, all that remained of the polar bear was “skin and bones〞．

据发现北极熊尸体的科学家们所说，北极熊身上只剩下皮和骨头了。

高频考点探究

Ⅰ.核心词汇

1．seize v. 抓住；夺取；控制 【典型例句】

We must seize this opportunity and take effective measures to accelerate the growth of our economy.

我们必须要抓住这个机会采取有效的措施加速经济的开展。

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seize the golden chance to do sth. 抓住做某事的好机会 be seized with/by 被(强烈的感情、愿望等)影响 【练透考点】完成句子

①收到朋友和亲人的督促，我决定抓住这个机会。

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ②简很快地理解了老板在会上说的意思。

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ③由于好奇，她毫不犹豫地打开了盒子。

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【佳句背诵】

In my opinion，only by facing difficulties bravely and seizing opportunities can one succeed.

在我看来，一个人只有勇敢地面对困难并抓住机会才能成功。

2．sustain v．维持；遭受；承受住 【教材原句】

Without this process, Earth could not sustain life. 没有这个过程，地球就不能维持生命。 (教材P27) sustain economic growth 维持经济增长

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sustain a defeat/an injury/a loss 遭受失败/受伤/遭受损失

sustainable adj. 可持续的，不破坏环境的 【环保主题词汇表达集锦】

sustainable development 可持续开展 environmentally friendly 保护环境的 recycled 可循环利用的 reusable 可重复使用的 【练透考点】完成句子

①如今，可持续开展是很多国家的潮流。

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ②这点食物都不够我们维持一个星期的。

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ③他没能将学习法语的热情一直保持下去。

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【佳句背诵】

The branch couldn't sustain the weight of snow and it broke. 树枝无法承受雪的重量而折断了。

3．regulation n．规如此；规章；法规

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【教材原句】

The local government set up strict regulations regarding further industrial development.

当地就工业开展设定了严格的规章制度。(教材P32) regulate vt. 调节；管理

regular adj. 规如此的；定期的；常规的 regularly adv. 定期地；有规律地 【练透考点】完成句子

①应公众的请求，新的交通规如此做出了一点改变。

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ②由于针对醉驾的严格的法规，事故的数量下降了很多。

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ③根据制度，所有进入博物馆的人都持票进入。

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

4．tolerate v. 容忍；忍受 【教材原句】

The villagers could no longer tolerate the situation. 村民再也忍受不了这种状况了。(教材P34) tolerate (sb.) doing sth. 容忍/忍受(某人)做某事

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tolerance n. 宽容；容忍；忍受 tolerant adj. 宽容的；容忍的 【练透考点】单句语法填空

①When neighbors want to get along well with each other, they have to show their ________ (tolerate)．

②Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a ________ (tolerate) smile and let him go.

③I can't tolerate ________ (work) with Kate in the same office. She just refuses to stop talking while she works.

【佳句背诵】

Learning how to tolerate others' mistakes is a must if you want to get along well with them.

如果你想和别人友好相处，学会宽容别人的错误是必需的。

5．conservation n．保护 【教材原句】

The construction of waste water treatment facilities improved the water quality and water conservation.

废水处理设施的建立改善了水的质量和保护。(教材P32) conserve 保存，保护，节约使用 conservative 保守的，守旧的 preserve 保护，保存 reserve 保存，保存，预定 【练透考点】单句语法填空/单词拼写

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①We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland ________________.(conserve)

②Ecotourism is a type of tourism that ____________ (conserve) the environment. ③We students should make it a rule to ________ (保护) our eyesight. 【佳句背诵】

We should attach great importance to the conservation of water in our daily lives.

我们应该重视在我们日常生活中保护水资源。

Ⅱ.核心短语

6．be shocked by因为……感到震惊 【典型例句】

The shocked expression on his face suggested that he was shocked by her behavior.

他脸上吃惊的表情明确他对她的行为感到很吃惊。 shock vt.& vi. (使) 震惊；震动

n. 休克；打击；震惊

shocking adj. 令人震惊的 shocked adj. 感到震惊的

be shocked by/at 因为……感到震惊 【练透考点】单句语法填空

①They have made amazing achievements in the past few years, ________ (shock) many people.

②The survivors lay on the beach, exhausted and ________ (shock)．

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③We were ________ at the ________ news that he died suddenly yesterday.(shock) 【佳句背诵】

If you are travelling where the customs are totally different from your own, you may feel a cultural shock.

如果你在一个风俗与你当地完全不同的地方旅游，你可能会感到文化冲击。

7．take action采取措施做某事 【教材原句】

Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay.

气候专家警告如果我们不采取适宜的措施，这种趋势可能会继续而且会要求更大的代价。 in action 在活动中，在运转中 out of action 失去作用，停止运转

put... in action 使……行动起来/使……开始工作/使……起作用 “采取措施做某事〞 (1) take action to do sth. (2) Take measures to do sth. (3) Take steps to do sth. 【练透考点】一句多译

是时候我们应该采取措施阻止空气被污染了。

①________________________________________________________________________ ②________________________________________________________________________ 【佳句背诵】

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We must take action to fight pollution. 我们必须采取行动防治污染。

8．carry out 实行；执行；进展；履行(诺言、义务等) 【教材原句】

At the same time, they started to carry out inspections regularly and fine tourist organisations for abuses.

与此同时，他们开始实行定期检查和对违背的旅游组织加以罚款。(教材P33)

with sth.

carry on继续做某事(相当于go on with)

doing sth.

【练透考点】(用carry 相关词组)

①You'll have an accident if you carry on ________ (drive) like that.

②First of all，the most significant thing is to set a goal，work out a plan and ________ your plan step by step.

③I hate it when she calls me at work－I'm always too busy to ________ a conversation with her.

【佳句背诵】

If you carry on doing like that, you will break down sooner or later. 如果你继续那样做的话，你迟早会崩溃的。

Ⅲ.典型句式精析

9．According to the scientists who found its dead body, all that remained of the polar bear was “skin and bones〞．

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据发现北极熊尸体的科学家们所说，北极熊身上只剩下皮和骨头了。 该句中有两个定语从句，分别由who 和that 引导。 【典型例句】

After the meal，she placed a little box which contained a little pen in my hand. 饭后，她把一个装着一支旧钢笔的小盒子放到我手里。 【练透考点】利用定语从句句型，结合中文提示补全短文并背诵

The website ①________________________________ (你向我推荐的) is very beneficial to my English study. It has abundant reading materials ②________________________________ (我最需要的), ③________________________ (这极大地拓宽了我的视野)．Now I have bee more interested in English. Besides, I've made many new friends, ④______________________________________ (和他们交流学校生活，文化科学等等). Now I can express myself much better than ever. The reason ⑤________________________________ (我取得进步的原因) in English study is because of your kindness and consideration. I owe all my achievements to you. I'm looking forward to more advice from you!

10．It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.

我们应该抓住每个机会使每一个人都了解全球变暖与其产生的原因和后果，因为这是影响我们地球上每一个人的最严重的问题。

【典型例句】

But Wang Hui, the last to run, fell down suddenly when he took the stick from another boy. 但是最后一个跑的王辉， 在从另一个男孩那里接过接力棒的时候突然摔倒了。

【句式分析】 现在分词作定语。

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现在分词一般式doing 现在分词一般式的被动结构being done 表示动作是主动进展的行为 或者正在进展当中 表示动作是被动行为且正在进展当中 过去分词done 表示动作是被动完成的行为或者单纯表示已经完成 表示将要发生的动作 动词不定式to do 动词不定式一般式的被动结构to be done 【语境速测】单句语法填空 表示将要被做的动作 ①We are invited to a party ________________ (hold) in our club next Friday. ②He is always the first ________________ (arrive)at the school and the last ________________ (leave) the school.

③Tsinghua University, ________________ (found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.

【佳句背诵】

The park was full of people, enjoying themselves in the sunshine. 公园里人山人海，他们都在享受阳光。

Ⅰ.高考能力同步化——单句语法填空/单词拼写

1．[2020·某某卷]The ________ (sustain) success of small farmers, though, won't happen without fundamental changes to the industry.

2．[2018·全国卷Ⅱ]Higher­ine parents tended to have children play with puzzles

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more ________ (frequent), and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills.

3．[2018·全国卷Ⅰ]According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas ________ (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.

4．[2018·某某卷] On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now ________ (restrict) to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad.

5．[2018·某某卷]We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland ________ (conserve), as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farmers from all backgrounds.

6．There are plenty of small industrial ________ (enterprise)． 7．We risk upsetting the ________ (ecology) balance of the area.

8．Millions will face ________ (starve) next year as a result of the drought. 9．In recent years, increasing numbers of Internet rumors has bee a big factor which affects social stability and ________ (harmony) development.

10．Today police launched a ________ (运动) to reduce road accidents.

Ⅱ.必备知识试题化——选词填空

have an impact on； shocked by； lead to；refer to； be trapped in

1．We were ________________ the shocking news that he died suddenly yesterday. 2．Scientific studies have shown that making a habit of pausing before you do something can actually ________________ how your life turns out.

3．If you don't know the exact meaning of the word, you may ________________ the dictionary.

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4．If you misunderstand somebody，it's likely to ________ a misunderstanding. 5．________________ the ruins，the girl still held a positive attitude.

Ⅲ.教材语篇高考化——语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In 2013, people were shocked by a news photo of a dead bear 1.________ was found on Norway's Arctic island of Svalbard. All that remained of the polar bear 2.________ (be) “skin and bones〞. An expert who 3.________ (study) polar bears for many years said it appeared to have starved and died, and claimed that low sea­ice levels 4.________ (cause) by climate change meant the bear had to travel greater distance to find food. It showed how the rise in temperature had an impact 5.________ Earth's ecology, which was caused by greenhouse effect. The “natural〞 greenhouse effect refers to the fact 6.________ heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and 7.________ (warm) Earth's surface as short­wave radiation. The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap some of the heat, 8.________ (keep) Earth's climate warm and habitable. 9.________ this process, Earth couldn't sustain life. The “man­made〞 greenhouse is produced when people produce extra greenhouse gases by 10.________ (burn) fossil fuels, which causes Earth's surface temperature to rise quickly.

[2019·某某卷]阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Parents

everywhere

praise

their

kids.

Jenn

Berman,

author

of

TheAtoZGuidetoRaisingHappyandConfidentKids, says, “We've gone to the opposite

extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.〞 By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they're building their children's confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. Too much praise can backfire and, when given in a way that's insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not

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being able to stay on top where their parents' praise has put them.

Still, don't go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. Kids will feel like they're not good enough or that you don't care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their acplishments.

So what is the right amount of praise? Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the oute, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize our children's efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal，〞 says Donahue, author of ParentingWithoutFear: LettingGoofWorryandFocusingonWhatReallyMatters. “One thing to remember is

that it's the process not the end product that matters.〞

Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he's out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the oute can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is, praise should be given on a case­by­case basis and be proportionate(相称的) to the amount of effort your child has put into it.

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

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选择性必修第三册 Unit 3 Environmental Protection

根底回顾 Ⅰ.重点单词

Ⅱ.拓展单词

1．inspect inspection inspector 2.conservation conserve conservationist 3.originate

origin

original

4.sustain

sustainable

5.restrict

restriction

6.harmonious harmony

7．tolerate tolerance tolerant 8.submit submission 9．regulation regulate 10.ecology ecological ecologist

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Ⅲ.核心短语

1．be shocked by 2.according to 3.have an impact on 4.refer to 5.be trapped in 6.lead to 7.result in 8.carry out 9.in effect 10.a tourist destination

Ⅳ.重点句型

1．Water pollution levels increased, with more household and mercial waste ending up in the river.

2．These chemicals led to severe water quality issues, causing a decrease in the number of fish species.

3．There is little doubt that 4．According to the scientists who 课堂讲解

1．①Pressed by my friends and relations，I decided to seize the opportunity. ②Jane was quick to seize the meaning of what the boss said at the meeting. ③Seized with curiosity, she opened the box without any hesitation. 2．①Today, sustainable development is a popular trend in many countries. ②This small amount of food will not sustain us even for a week. ③He couldn't sustain his enthusiasm for studying French.

3．①At the public's request，the new traffic regulation has been changed slightly. ②Due to the strict traffic regulations on drunken driving，the number of accidents from it has greatly decreased.

③According to the regulations here, no one can be admitted to the museum without a ticket.

4．①tolerance ②tolerant ③working 5．①conservation ②conserves ③preserve

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6．①shocking ②shocked ③shocked shocking

7．①It's high time that we should take action/measures /steps to prevent the air from being polluted.

②It's high time that measures /steps/ action were/was taken to prevent the air from being polluted.

8．①driving ②carry out ③carry on

9．①that/which you have remended to me ②that/which I need most ③which greatly broadens my horizons ④with whom I exchange a lot about school life, cultures, science and so on ⑤why I have made rapid progress

10．①to be held ②to arrive to leave ③founded 随堂练习

Ⅰ.高考能力同步化——单句语法填空/单词拼写

1．sustainable 2.frequently 3.emissions 4.are restricted

10．campaign

Ⅱ.必备知识试题化——选词填空

1．shocked by 2.have an impact on 3.refer to 4.lead to 5．Trapped in

Ⅲ.教材语篇高考化——语法填空

话题与高考写作 写作点拨：

完成一篇概要写作，需要经过三个步骤：

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word

1．读懂原文，抓住段落主题句。在阅读过程中，需要准确把握文章的段落大意，学会剔除非重要信息，弄清楚不同体裁的文章的内部逻辑关系以与文章的篇章结构。

2．组织语言，转换表达。在找到主题句明确全文中心的根底上，组织好语言，注重语言表达的性和准确性以与高级性，不全盘照抄原文句子，尽量用自己的语言转换表达，同时要注意篇幅的比例安排，用较多的文字去表达重要的内容。

3．通读全文，逻辑连贯。要牢记各段落要点之间的逻辑关系和自然衔接，用恰当的关联词去连贯全文。

参考X文：

Parents tend to go to extremes when it es to praising their kids. (要点一) Yet, both too much and too little praise can be equally damaging. (要点二) When giving praise, parents should be sincere and concentrate on the process instead of the result. (要点三) Similarly, they ought to give praise for how much effort their kids have invested in the work they're involved in. (要点四)

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