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2022年单独招生文化考试语文和英语2套(答案在最后) (4)

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2022年单独考试招生文化考试

语文试题卷

(满分150分,考试时间120分钟)

一、基础知识及运用:(本题共20小题,每小题3分,共60分,单选题) 1.下列关于阅读方法的表述,正确的一项是( )

A.列提纲要抓住文章的中心、主干,突出重点。提纲必须简略些。 B.在一般自觉的阅读中,读物里的一切信息都可能成为积累的对象。 C.批注就是写在书页的天头、地脚及旁边等处的批语。

D.理解和阐释都不是对文章纯客观的分析和解说,而是表现了读者对文章的主观判 断,反映出读者自身的价值取向。

2.下列各项对有关课文的表述,错误的一项是( )

A.《荷塘月色》一文中描绘的景象不是一般的客观存在,而是作者心目中的理想境界。 B.《内蒙访古》和《黄山记》这两篇游记都融入了丰富的历史、地理知识,同时发表 议论,表明了自己对一些历史问题的见解。

C.《淡淡的深情》一文采用 了对照的写作方法,语言形象生动,表现母爱的无私、深 厚、朴实和伟大。

D.《红烛》采用托物言志的手法,表现闻一多的爱国情感、献身精神。 3.下列各句中,加点字读音错误的一项是( ) A.技经肯綮之未尝。(qǐng) B.谗谄之蔽明也。(chǎn) C.六艺经传皆通习之。(zhuǎn) D.予本非文人画士,甘受诟厉。(gòu)

4、《我愿是一条急流》中,“急流”、“荒林”、“废墟”、“草棚”、“云朵”的形象显得荒芜、简陋、残缺,这是为了表达“我”的( ) A.渺小

B.贫困 C.虔诫 D.谦逊

5、下列选项中,最能体现婴宁自然天性的是( ) A.爱笑 B.痴憨 C.狡黠 D.阴险

6、《金鲤鱼的百裥裙》的整体构思特点是( ) A.以近知远 B.以小见大 C.以古知 D.以大见小

7.下列各句中,标点符号使用正确的一项( )

A.沟壑旁,一些知名和不知名的野花不知疲倦地开着,像昨晚稀稀落落的星. B.朋友们!跟我来呀.我们马上就到达目的地了.

C.我们在这里开荒、种庄稼、种蔬菜,我们的生活有了保障. D.我们七、八个人一拥而上,把他包围在里面. 8.下列句子中,加横线的词语使用不正确的一项是( )

A.他是一个计算机专家,我们初学计算机的人要虚心向他请教,不耻下问。 B.每到夜幕降临,小吃街便人声鼎沸,十分热闹。

C.侵略者的国旗耀武扬威地在被其冲破的堡垒上猎猎作响。 D.毕业在即,现在想来,美好的中学时光犹如白驹过隙,转瞬即逝。 9、认为教育是儿童对成人的一种本能的模仿活动的理论被称为( ) A、心理起源说 B、生物起源说 C、劳动起源说 D、神话起源说

10.“善待地球,保护环境”是世界环境日主题.大气中PM2.5(指大气中直径不超过2.5x10-6m颗粒物)增多会导致雾霾天气,对人体健康和环境质量影响较大.下列做法不应倡导是( )

A.大量植树造林 B.直接燃烧煤炭 C.充分运用太阳能 D.多骑自行车,少开汽车 11.下列表述有误的一项是( )

A.初唐“四杰”是指杜牧、王勃、骆宾王、王维。 B.普希金是诗人。

C.茅盾的代表作有《子夜》和《林家铺子》。 D.蒲松龄的代表作是《聊斋志异》。

12.肩挑担子中,人们请它来作东; 偏心事情不会做,待人接物出于公.打化学实验仪器.用品是( )

A.玻璃棒 B.天平 C.铁架台 D.试管夹

13.一辆客车夜晚行驶在公路上,发现油箱泄漏,车厢里布满了汽油气味,这时应当采用应急办法是( ) .

A.洒水降温溶解汽油蒸气 B.开灯查找漏油部位 C.打开所有车窗,禁止一切烟火,疏散乘客 D.让车内人集中到车厢后部 14.家用冰箱中惯用除臭剂是( )

A.活性炭 B.石灰水 C.酒精 D.食盐 15. 重复淘洗大米或浸泡加热,损失最多是( )

A.碳水化合物 B.脂肪 C.族维生素 D.蛋白质 16. 在实验室发生轻微化学灼伤,一方面应当做是( ) . A.送往医院 B.用清洁水进行冲洗 C.做人工呼吸 D.包扎

17. 某些不合格建筑装修材料会缓慢释放出对人体有害气体,这些气体中最常用是 ( ).

A.二氧化氮 B.二氧化硫

C.一氧化碳 D.甲苯及甲醛等有机物蒸汽

18. 人体容易患甲状腺肿是由于体内缺少__ 元素所致.( ) A.Na B.F C.I D.Fe 19. 水银温度计中“水银”是( ) .

A.水 B.银 C.汞 D.煤油 20. 多晒太阳可以增进人体对___吸取.( ) A. 镁 B. 钙 C. 磷 D. 铁 二、填空题(本题5小道,每题3分,共15分)

1、一般说来,课程的基本范畴包括课程的目标,内容____等方面。 2、目前在世界范围内,最普遍采用的教学组织形式是____。 3、_____是整个教学工作的中心环节。

4、学校德育的功能可以概括地表达为德育的社会性功能、个体性功能和______功能三个方面。

5、教育性活动和_____是德育过程的基础。 三、阅读理解(共20分)

罗丹说:“果然!照片说谎,而艺术真实。”这话含意深厚,道理何在呢?

我们知道“自然”是无时无处不在“动”中的,物即是动,动即是物,不能分离。这种“动象”,积微成著,瞬息万变,不可捉摸。能捉摸者,已是非动;非是动者,即非自然。照片于物象转变之中,摄取一角,强动象以为静象,已非物之了。况且动者是生命之表示,精神的作用;描写动者,即是表现生命、描写精神。自然万象无不在活动中,即是无不在“精神”中,无不在“生命”中。

但是艺术是否能表现“动”呢?艺术怎样能表现“动”呢?我们拿一张照片《行步的人》和罗丹雕刻的《行步的人》一比较,就觉得照片中人提起了一只脚,而凝住不动,好象麻木了一样;而罗丹的石刻确是在那里走动,仿佛要姗姗而去了。罗丹说:“你们问我的雕刻怎样会能表现这种‘动象’?其实这个秘密很简单。我们要先确定‘动’是从一个现状转变到第二个现状。画家与雕刻家之表现‘动象’就在能表现出这个现状中间的过程。他要能在雕刻或图画中,使我们观者能同时看见第一现状过去的痕迹和第二现状初生的影子,然后‘动象’就俨然在我们的眼前了。”

这是罗丹创造动象的秘密。罗丹认定“动”是宇宙的,惟有“动象”可以表示生命,表示精神,表示那自然背后所深藏的不可思议的东西。这是罗丹的世界观,这是罗丹的艺术观。

罗丹自己深入于自然的中心,直感着自然的生命呼吸、理想情绪,晓得自然中的万种形象,千变百化,无不是一个深沉浓挚的大精神。这个自然的精神凭借着物质,表现出花,表现出光,表现出云树山水,以至于鸢飞鱼跃、美人英雄。所谓自然的内容,就是一种生命精神的物质表现而已。

“自然”本是个大艺术家,艺术也是个“小自然”。自然创造的过程,是精神的物质化;艺术创造的过程,是物质的精神化。罗丹深明此理,他的雕刻是从形象里面发展,表现出精神生命,不讲求外表形式的光滑美满。但他的雕刻中确没有一条曲线、一块平面而不有所表示生意跃动,神致活泼,如同自然之真。

罗丹的雕刻最喜欢表现人类的各种情感动作,因为情感动作是人性最真切的表示。罗丹和古希腊雕刻的区别也就在此。希腊雕刻注重形式的美,讲求表面的美,讲求表面的完满工整,这是理性的表现。罗丹的雕刻注重内容的表示,讲求精神的活泼跃动。所以希腊的雕刻可称为“自然的几何学”,罗丹的雕刻可称为“自然的心理学”。 自然无往而不美。普通人所谓丑的如老妪病骸,在艺术家眼中无不是美,因为也是自然的一种表现。果然!这种奇丑怪状只要一从艺术家手腕下经过,立刻就变成了极可爱

的美术品了。

艺术家是无往而非“美”的创造者,只要他能真把自然表现了。 (选自宗白华《看了罗丹雕刻以后》,有删改) 1. 下列对罗丹艺术特点解说正确的一项是( )

A.捕捉自然动态变化的每个细节,用物象表现自然的。 B.注重表现自然内在的精神生命,不讲究作品外在的艺术形式。 C.深入自然中心,感受其气息,通晓其变化,刻画其心理。 D.关注人类的各种情感动作,善于表现人类精神的活泼跃动。 2. 下列对文章内容的分析判断,符合作者观点的一项是( )

A.在艺术家眼中,自然无往而不胜,是因为艺术家可以凭借自己的艺术创造去修补自然本身的缺陷。

B.罗丹不仅能从自然物质的“动象”中体悟到自然的,而且能用创作表现自然背后深藏的生命精神。

C.古希腊雕刻艺术讲究形式,求完整,偏理性;而罗丹雕刻讲内容,求品质,偏感性,表现风格完全相反。

D.艺术家是“美”的创造者,无论怎样奇丑怪状的物体,只是一经艺术家的手,立刻就变成了极可爱的艺术品。

3. 联系全文,谈谈对“照片说谎,而艺术真实”这句话的理解。 四、作文(25分)

阅读下面的材料,根据要求写一篇800字以上的文章.

某报为了发掘有温度和人情味的新闻,引导读者以温暖的视角看待社会,开设了“暖闻”专栏.编辑部收到一则新闻:

一年有6个多月大雪封山,年均气温零下3摄氏度,冬天时甚至会降到零下50摄氏度;离中俄边境只有2.5公里,距最近的镇却有150多公里,举目所见皆为茫茫森林……

奇乾中队就驻扎在这样的林海之中。这座几乎与世隔绝的“驿站”,见证着一代代队员在冰雪中勇往直前、在烈火中冲锋陷阵,他们用青春和热血,奏响了一曲履职尽责的“冰与火之歌”

从以上新闻中刊登在“暖闻”专栏中,请综合材料内容及含意作文,体现你的思考、权衡与选择.

2022年对口单独招生统一考试

英语试卷

(满分120分,考试时间90分钟)

一、选择题:(本题共20小题,每小题3分,共60分)

1. Each year 1 million smokers quit, but only 3 to 5 per cent ____ stay off cigarettes for a year or more. A. succeed in

B. manage to

C. stick to

D. keep on

2. There was an explosion in London but up to now nobody has ______responsibility for it.

A. declared

B. announced

C. claimed

D. required

3. I think a cold drink can ___ you after your long hot journey. A. recover B. refresh C. relieve D. relax 4. — Do you know our town at all?( ) — No, this is the first time I _____ here.

A. have been B. was is C. came can D. am coming 5. I didn’t hear the phone. I _____ asleep.( )

A. must be B. should be C. must have been D. should have been 6. It was in ____ friendly a way that he talked with us.( ) A. such B. how is C. too D. so

7. _____ you’re trying to do is really too difficult for you.( ) A. What is B. That at C. Who D. If 8. He acted ____ nothing had happened to him.( ) as if B. if C. as if C. whom 9. A bridge was built _____ the river.( ) A. on in B. at C. over D. above

10. You can ____my surprise when I heard the news.( ) A. think is B. suppose C. guess D. imagine

11. I was leaving for home, but on second ___, I decided to go on working until I finished all the typing.

A. opinions B. thinking C. thoughts D. ideas 12. Don't always find ___ with others. Otherwise, you'll make no Mends. A. fault B. mistake C. crime D. guilt

13. So hardworking was he that nothing ______ him from his study remained in the room. A. distracting

B. distract

C. distracted

D. to distract

14. ---- Why don’t we take a little break ? ---- Didn’t we just have ______ ? A. it

B. that

C. one

D. this

15. ____,Internet writers do make impressive progress. A.Encouraging and praising C.Encouraged and praised

B.To be encouraged and praised D.To encourage and praised

16. In the west, people make ___ a rule to send Christmas presents to their relatives and friends.

A. this B. that C. it D. the following

17. --Is there a flight to London this evening?

--There ____ be. I’ll phone the airport and find it out. A. must B. has to C. might D. ought to

18. He called the police for help, ____ that the problem was more than he could deal with.

A. having been realized B. to realize C. realized D. realizing 19. --- How much is the desk? ---it__ninety-nine pounds.( ) A. costs B. Pays to C. spends D. Takes is

20. I am afraid I won't be able to keep in touch__him.( ) A. To go B. For if C. with D. By too

二、单词拼写(共5小题,每小题3分;共计15分) 1.Mr. Li moved to the seashore in his f______(四十来岁). 2.H______(听到) the good news, we all jumped with joy.

3.I changed into my sports shoes so that I could walk more c_______(舒服). 4.W_______(星期三) is the fourth day of a week. 5.Walking every day keep me f_____(健康) than before. 三、阅读理解:(共30分)

阅读理解(一)

I’m hungry. I walk into a Chinese restaurant and sit down to order. I am confident. I have eaten Chinese food many times in America. I know what I like. I look at the picture menu and I’m shocked. Real Chinese food is very different from Western Chinese food. And I am not alone. Many Westerners are surprised the first time they order food in China. It is different. It’s also delicious.

My Chinese friends usually order certain dishes they know foreigners like. Westerners like sweet foods, so sweet and sour pork is very popular. Everyone, even waiters, know that foreigners like a dish with chicken and cucumbers, which is called Gong baoJiding. Hot pot is a delicious meal that is uncommon in the west. There are tasty peanut sauces and different meats and vegetables. And you can eat as long as you like.

The first word that many foreigners learn in China is “beer”. They use this word a lot. While they are drinking it, they love the different cooked meats on sticks, called chuan. However, most Westerners come to China because it is different from home. They are open to eating something new. So don’t be afraid to order your favorite dishes for them to have a try.

( )1. How does the writer feel when he looked at the picture menu in a Chinese restaurant?

A. He was wondering whether it was real Chinese food. B. He was very surprised for it was not what he had expected. C. He was so terrified that he didn’t want to eat it. D. He was happy for he was to have real Chinese food. ( )2. How does the Chinese dishes that foreigners like taste?

A. Sweet and sour B. Hot and salty C. Hot and sour D. Sweet and salty

( )3. The writer’s advice to Chinese is __________.

A. never order dishes for your foreign friends before you ask them B. feel free to order what you like best for your foreign friends C. order western Chinese dishes for your foreign friends D. never order real Chinese dishes for your foreign friends

( )4. What is perhaps the first Chinese word lots of foreigners learn in China? A. 火锅 B. 烧烤 C. 鸡丁 D. 啤酒 ( )5. The best title of this passage is _________. A.Hot pot, a Must Dish for Foreigners B. Tips on Ordering Dishes for Foreigners C. Opening up the World of Chinese Food D. Menus of Real Chinese Food 阅读理解(二)

Sometimes it is better not to know the _1___ of a country that you are visiting ___2__ it is to know just a little of it. The ___3___ is this: the natives of your host country will often rush to __4_ if you seem completely lost and helpless. But they will usually misunderstand your small attempts to speak their language. They will think that you know _5_ more than you do. For example, I once asked three people in carefully memorized phrasebook Spanish how to get to a bus station in Mexico City. In reply each of them poured out a flood of (大量) complicated Spanish. The result was ___6_ I didn’t understand a word and wandered (徘徊) around for an hour before I found the station. __7__ I had missed the bus. The next time I met a situation like this in another city, I was a lot smarter,so I acted dumbly(哑). Trying to look very pitiful, I __8_ a stranger and asked simply, “Bus station?” He not only told me how to get there. He showed me the __9__, walking three blocks out

of his way to help a poor, dumb and helpless ___10_.

1. A. habit B. customs C. people D. language 2.A. if B. unless C. than D. when 3. A. cause B. reason C. explanation D. memory 4. A. help B. show C. tell D. direct 5. A. a little B. no C. a lot D. many 6. A. then B. what C. so D. that 7. A. Before long B. Soon after C. By then D. Just then 8.A met B. stopped C. caught D. grasped 9. A. route B. road C. street D. place 10.A. loser B. stranger C. worker D. comer 四、书面表达:

请你为一个中学生参观团起草一份通知, 用一段话说明以下要点: 参观日期:3月25日, 星期天

时间:早上8点钟出发。在参观地点用集团午餐,下午返回。 参观地点:市文化馆、市博物馆、市图书馆等 要求:语句通顺, 表达完整; 词数50词左右。

语文卷参: 一、基础知识及运用 1-5题答案:DBCCA 6-10题答案:BCAAB 11-15题答案:ABCAC

16-20题答案:BDCCB 二、填空题 1、结构 2、班级授课制 3、上课 4、教育性 5、交往 三、阅读理解: 参:1. D 2. B

3.世上没有完全静止的物质,“动”才是自然的生命精神,是自然的“”;艺术家可以通过自己的艺术创造表现“动”,而照片却难以表现。(3分,两个要点,一点1分,两点3分,意思符合即可) 四、作文 省略。。。。。。

英语卷参: 一、选择题: 1-5题答案:DCBAC 6-10题答案:DACCD 11-15题答案: CAACC 16-20题答案:CCDAC 二、单词拼写 1.forties 2.hearing

3.comfortably 4.Wednesday 5. fitter 三、阅读理解: 阅读理解(一)

1.D 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 阅读理解(二) (1-5) D C B A C (6-10) D C B A B 四、书面表达: 省略。。。。。。

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