初一语法复习
一、名词的数
1、可数名词与不可数名词的区别
区别 定义 可数名词 直接可用数目进行计算的名词，如pear，cup 不可数名词 不能直接用数目进行计算的名词，如water，milk 特点 有单、复数形式，如 an apple、没有复数形式，如 some bread two apples 可以直接用a/an 或具体数词不能直接用a/an 或具体数词来修饰；表示来修饰，如 an egg，two desks 确切数量时，用 “量词+of +不可数名词”，如 a glass of water 表达 谓语选择 作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数要和主语保持一致； 多个单数可数名词并列做主语，谓语动词用复数形式； 单独做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；当“量词+of+不可数名词”，这一结构做主语时，谓语动词的单、复数要和量词保持一致； 2.可数名词的复数变化规则
类别 一般情况 以s，x，ch，sh等结尾的词 构成方法 加_____ 加______ 示例 bed-_______; movie-_______ bus-______; box-_____ watch-________ brush-________ 以辅音字母加y结尾的词 变___为____i再加____ library-__________ strawberry-___________ 以f，fe结尾的词 3.不可数名词量的表达 把_____变为v再加____ wife-_______ half-_______ 从名词的类别看，物质名词和抽象名词是不可数名词。不可数名词没有复述形式，但可以借助量词来表达数量，其结构为：......+量词+of+不可数名词。当这一结构做主语时，谓语动词的形式要与量词一致。
a bottle of water two cups of tea three pieces of paper 4.有些名词的复数是不规则变化
例如：child－_______ woman-________ man－_______ tooth－________
foot－________ sheep－________ deer－_______ 这些不规则变化需要在以后的学习中不断总结和积累。
二、名词的所有格。
名词所有格用来表示名词之间的所有或所属关系的，译成汉语是“……的”。名词的所有格可以分为：加“’s”的所有格；用of连接两个名词的所有格和双重所有格。
1. 构成方法，有生命名词加\"'s\"。单数名词词尾加\"'s\"，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加\"'s\"，
the boy's bag，men's room。 若名词复数词尾有s ，只加\"'\" 2.无生命名词用\"名词+of +名词\"结构表示，the name of the hospital. 但时间、距离、国家
等词可加\"'s\"，today's newspaper, ten minutes' walk.
3.如果两个名词并列，且分别有's，则表示\"分别有\"；只有一个's，则表示'共有'。
如：John's and Mary's room（两间） John and Mary's room（一间）
4.可用名词所有格表示地点。 如：my aunt's 我姑姑家。 go to the doctor's 去医生家。 5. 双重所有格
表示所属物的名词前有a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several, no, each, every, such, another, which时，用：a, an, this, that +名词+of +名词的所有格/名词性物主代词表所有。如：a friend of mine. the book of my father's
练一练：一、写出下列名词的复数形式：
1.desk ____ 2.class _____ 3. pencil-box _____ 4. watch _____ 5.dish _______ 6.month ____7.city _____ 8 Sunday _______ 9. half________ 10.wife ______ 11.potato ____12.tomato_____ 13. zoo ____ 14. foot_______ 15 tooth_____ 16.child _____17.woman______18.Englishman ______ 19.Gernan________ 20.Chinese ______ 21.Japanese _______ 22.American _______ 23.sheep______ 24.a piece of paper ________ 25. a man doctor _____
二、单词拼写：
26. I have a lot of ________(作业) to do every day. 27. His _______(裤子) are new, but mine are old.
28. It is the best one of the _________ (照片) in my family.
29. Are they building any _______ (图书馆) in the city? 30. Can you cut this big pear into two _______(半)?
三、用所给词的适当形式填空：
31、Different people may have different 32、Mr. Brown is wearing a pair of 33、Please give them their 34、Are there any 35、There are twelve . (idea)
. (glass)
. (photo)
in the box? (watch) in a year. (month) ? (tomato)
36、Would you like some 37、Look at those in the boats! (people)
on the floor. (rice)
38、There are four bags of 39、There are many books about music on those .(shelf) 40、I often drink a glass of 41、Jim has some in the morning. (milk)
. (knife) ? (vegetable)
42、How much are these 43、He read some 44、Many about Zhou Enlai. (story)
are playing in the park. (child)
in this picture. (flower) in the school. (teacher)
45、There are many beautiful 46、Miss Gao is one of the most popular 47、We have four 48、How many 49、I have two 50、There are 51、The in the morning. (class) are there in your country? (city) stamps. (hundred)
of workers in a factory. (thousand)
in the room come from Tianjin. (man)
. (boy)
in the world. (language) . (foot)
52、I know one of the 53、Chinese is one of the most important 54、She fell off the bike, and hurt both of her 55、Some of the
四、选择
are hard to reach. (pear)
56. They like Chinese _____.
A. food and peoples B.foods and people C.foods and people D.food and people 57. Lucy and I go to school _____ every day.
A. on feet B. on foot C. by foots D. by buses
58. –Are those _____? -No, they aren’t. They’re _____.
A. sheep; cows B. sheep; cow C. sheeps; cow D. sheeps; cows 59. What are you listening to, Jane? ____ or ____?
A. a music; a news B. music; news C. music; news D. music; a news 60. How many ____ and ____ are there in your class? A. boy student; girl ones B. girls students; boys ones C. boys student; girl one D. girl students; boy ones 61.A group of ____ are talking with two ___ over there. A. Frenchmen; Germans B. Frenchmen; Germen C. German; Frenchmen D. Germans; Frenchmans
62. That bus driver drank two _____.
A. glass of water B. glasses of waters C. cups of tea D. cup of tea 63. There is ______ tree in our school.
A. a 8-metres-tall B. an-8-metre-tall C. an 8 metres tall . In ____ time, those mountains will be covered with trees. A. few year B. a few years’ C. few years D. a few year’s
65. We bought _____ for my mother’s birthday.
A. some meats B.some pieces meat C. a piece of meat D. pieces of meats 66. –Would you like _____ coffee? -No, thanks. I’ve drunk two __. A. any; bottles of orange B. little; bottle of oranges C. some; bottles of orange D. a few; bottle of orange
67. –How many _____ do you want? -Two , please.
A. kilos of egg B. kilo of eggs C. kilos of eggs D. kilo of bread 69. There’re a lot of ___ down there, but hardly any ___.
A. horse; people B. horses; peoples C. cow; people D. sheep; people 70. Lucy put a lot of ____ in ____ of tea.
A. sugar; the two cup B. sugars; the two cups C. sugar; the two cups D. sugars; two cups
