篇章结构题型解题技巧(专题演练)

巩固练习

一、“七选五”、“六选五”微技巧训练

1. ________ When a person is asking a question, show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification. A．Show your true interest. B．Restate the question with respect. C．Some ideas can be quite concrete

2. On the other hand, the advantages of going overseas may include day-to-day opportunities to learn a new culture, meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language, and chances to see different parts of the world.________ Those disadvantages include expense, time away from one's school, family，... A．The following are its advantages.

B．However, there may be a number of disadvantages. C．Consider a distance education.

D．Most of us are adapted to studying at school.

3. _______ When a person does a certain thing again, he is impelled(迫使) by some unseen force to do the same thing repeatedly; thus a habit is formed. Once a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes impossible, to get rid of.

A. It is very important for us to know why we should get used to good habits. B. Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. C. Whether good or not habits are, they are easy to get rid of.

4. Nowadays in China, parents care about their children’s education more than anything else. They spend a lot coaching(训练) their children in their studies. Some even hire teachers for their children. Many have their children sent to after-class schools.________. A. It seems as if a better education is all that parents expect for their children. B. Skills and knowledge means competition. C. Skills and knowledge doesn’t mean all.

5. Not all past predictions have been proved wrong. ______ Some great thinkers predicted the arrival of the credit card, the fax machine and even the internet ----years before they happened. A. Predictions of the Future

B. A few of them have been surprisingly accurate. C. It hasn’t appeared yet.

6. ______ The image includes the way you look, the way you act, the way you talk and the way you think. Interestingly, our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold about us.

A. Always love yourself.

B. Self-image is your own mind’s picture of yourself. C. Don’t allow doubts to occur in it.

7. Surround yourself with happy people. It is easy to begin to think negatively when you are surrounded by people who think that way. ________ A. There are some tips in life that lead to happiness.

B. Being overweight or not eating nutritious foods can have a negative effect on your mood. C. On the contrary, if you are around people who are happy, their emotional state will be infectious.

8. _____ Improved thinking abilities will help them to understand more both in academic sense and in as an individual. Always love yourself. A. Thinking is a skill.

B. Creative thinking techniques can develop children’s mind. C. Thinking is a tool, and it is something that can be sharpened.

9._________ They give more background and details. They also let you read parts that are important to you and skip the rest.

A. Both television and the Internet have many disadvantages. B. Other high-tech timesavers have similar disadvantages. C. Newspapers and magazines have some important advantages.

10. It seems urgent that communications in transport should be improved. _________ All over cities, it seems that people are too tired and too rushed to be polite.

A. Communication between human beings should also be kept smooth and polite. B. Yet this is all too often seen. C. The public should obey the rules. 二、完形填空

Children find meanings in their old family tales.

When Stephen Guyer’s three children were growing up, he told them stories about how his

grandfather, a banker, 1 all in the 1930s, but did not lose sight of what he valued most. In one of the darkest times 2 his strong-minded grandfather was nearly 3 , he loaded his family into the car and 4 them to see family members in Canada with a 5 , “there are more important things in life than money”.

The 6 took on a new meaning recently when Mr. Guyer downsized to 7 house from a more expensive and comfortable one. He was 8 that his children, a daughter, 15, and twins, 22, would be upset. To his surprise, they weren’t. 9 , their reaction echoed (共鸣) their great-grandfather’s. What they 10 was how warm the people were in the house and how 11 of their heart was accessible.

Many parents are finding that family stories have surprising power to help children 12 hard times. Storytelling experts say the phenomenon reflects a growing 13 in telling tales, evidenced by a rise in storytelling events and festivals.

A university 14 of 65 families with children aged from 14 to 16 found kids’ ability to The 16 is telling the stories in a way children can 17 . We’re not talking here about 15 parents’ stories was linked to a lower rate of anger and anxiety.

the kind of story that 18 , “When I was a kid, I walked to school every day uphill both ways, barefoot in the snow.” Instead, we should choose a story suited to the child’s 19 , and make eye contact (接触) to create “a personal experience”. We don’t have to tell children 20 they should take from the story and what the moral is. 1. A. missed 2. A. when 3. A. friendless 4. A. fetched 5. A. hope 6. A. tale 7. A. large

B. lost B. while B. allowed B. promise B. small B. annoyed

C. forgot C. how C. expected

D. ignored D. homeless D. why D. took D. belief

D. report D. grand D. worried

D. Otherwise

B. worthless C. penniless C. suggestion C. new

B. agreement C. arrangement

8. A. surprised 9. A. Therefore

C. disappointed C. Instead B. cared about D. heard about C. little C. behind C. interest C. support C. fact

C. bear C. begins

B. Besides

10. A. talked about C. wrote about 11. A. much 12. A. beyond 14. A. study 16. A. trouble 18. A. means 19. A. needs 20. A. that

B. many B. over B. skill B. retell B. gift

B. write B. ends

D. few D. through D. anxiety D. staff D. refuse D. trick D. question D. proves D. habits

13. A. argument 15. A. provide 17. A. perform

B. design C. committee

B. activities C. judgments

B. what C. which D. whom

三、“七选五”阅读理解 A篇：

The hardest language

People often ask which is the most difficult language to learn, and it is not easy to answer because there are many factors to take into consideration. Firstly, in a first language the differences are unimportant as people learn their mother tongue naturally. 1 A native speaker of Spanish, for example, will find Portuguese much easier to learn than a native speaker of Chinese, because Portuguese is very similar to Spanish, while Chinese is very different. 2 The greater the differences between the second language and our first are, the

harder it will be for most people to learn.

3 Teachers and the circumstances in which the language is learned also play an important role, as well as each learner’s motivation for learning. If people learn a language because they need to use it professionally, they often learn it faster than people studying a language that has no direct use in their daily life.

Apparently, British diplomats and other embassy staff have found that the second hardest language is Japanese, which will probably come as no surprise to many, but the language that they have found to be the most problematic is Hungarian, which has 35 forms for a noun according to whether it is subject, object, etc.

4 In the case of Hungarian for British learners, it is not a question of the writing system, which uses a similar alphabet, but the grammatical complexity, though native speakers of related languages may find it easier, while struggling with languages that the British find relatively easy.

No language is easy to learn well, though languages which are related to our first language are easier. Learning a completely different writing system is a huge challenge, but that does not necessarily make a language more difficult than another. 5 A. In this case, first language can affect learning a second language. B. Therefore, it is difficult to gain a good knowledge of every language.

C. Some people seem to learn languages readily, while others find it very difficult. D. This does not mean that Hungarian is the hardest language to learn for everyone. E. Individuals from different cultures will find different languages more difficult.

F. It is impossible to say that there is one language that is the most difficult language in the world. G. So the question of how hard a language is to learn is only relevant when learning a second language. B篇：

How to Get Your Child to Be Interested in Studies

One of the skills you need to know as a parent is how to get your child to be interested in studies.

Studying is the key to the academic and overall development of your child, but unfortunately, most children are not interested in studies．Your children will prefer to watch television, play video games and do many other things other than studying, affecting their academic performance. 1 Provide a print-rich environment.

2 You can also have a small bookshelf for children, fill it with children books and place it in your child's room or anywhere your child likes to relax.

3

It has been proven that children learn more from what others do than what they are told. ___4 Read your books in your free time instead of watching movies or television, and this will get your children interested in studies. They will always take books to read in their spare time

instead of playing around. Reward their efforts.

Children are motivated when their good actions are rewarded．When your children take steps to read, reward them with small gifts. Book gifts are the best gifts to give in this case. 5 Do all you can to get your children interested in studies: this is the path to success. A. Be an example.

B. A good environment for studies is necessary. C. Fill your home with all sorts of print materials . D. This is how to get your child interested in studies.

E. If you want to get your children to be interested in studies, read often.

F. Buy them puzzles and games that they can have fun with but be learning at the same time. G. Congratulate them when their academic performance improves, take them to dinner or buy them lunch. 四、阅读填空题

All of us, at some point, experience nights where we have difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep. The National Institute of Health estimates that one in three adults have bits of mild sleeplessness or insomnia (失眠), while one in ten suffer from chronic (长期的) insomnia.

Sleeplessness can be caused by many different things. Most people experience sleeplessness for an outside stimulus (刺激) such as stress, improper diet or a poor sleeping environment. Once the stimulus passes, the ability to sleep will usually return. Chronic sleeplessness may be caused by ongoing health concerns such as the physical pain of arthritis (关节炎) or the emotional pain of anxiety and depression.

Those that suffer from sleepless nights may find themselves feeling sleepy or tired during the day. The ability to concentrate or focus on a task reduces and they are less mentally alert. Because the body needs sleep to support a healthy immune system, those who have little sleep may be more affected by both acute and chronic illnesses like high blood pressure and diabetes.

Sleeplessness not only has effects on your physical self but also your emotional well-being. Being unable to sleep well for a few nights may only produce anger. However, if sleeplessness becomes chronic, the price could be much higher in the form of anxiety, depression and possibly substance abuse. Those with chronic sleeplessness may turn to controlled substances like sleeping pills and alcohol to help them have a good night’s sleep.

There are numerous ways for mild sleeplessness at home. Prepare your body for sleep by avoiding drinks such as tea or coffee before bed. Don’t exercise too much before bedtime; instead, do something to relax yourself. Finally, create a favorable sleeping environment by removing stimulants from your bedroom like extra lighting or a television. If you still cannot find relief, it may be time to visit your physician for help.

五、书面表达

假设你是李华，在上周进行的研究性学习活动中，你班同学了解了珍稀动物金丝猴的相关信息。请根据下列表格所提供的内容，给你的笔友Peter写封信，向他介绍此次活动。 注意：1. 信的开头和结尾已为你写好。 2. 词数不少于100。

提示词：研究性学习：inquiring learning 金丝猴：golden monkeys 第一组 到动物园观察金丝猴的特征 去图书馆查阅金丝猴的习性 汇总信息，完成报告 活动体会：学会合作；体验新的学习方式 Dear Peter,

How have you been recently? I’m writing to tell you something about our inquiring learning The students of our class were divided into two groups. ___________________________________________________________________________on the rare animal—golden monkeys.

第二组 上网了解金丝猴的现有数量 听专家介绍对金丝猴的保护措施 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What do you think of our inquiring learning? Looking forward to your reply.

Best wishes, Li Hua

答案与解析

一、“七选五”、“六选五”微技巧训练

1. B。所在空为该段大意，是对该段内容的总结。

2. B。第一句话讲advantages，第二句讲disadvantages,两句之间用过渡词however 3.B。空格位于句首，为主题句，文段的内容是习惯的形成和难于去掉。

4. A。空格位于句末，整个文段说的是父母最关注孩子的教育，表现为上辅导班和请家教。空白处所在句是说他们这样做的意图。

5. B。空格位于句中，承接上句句意：不是所有过去的预测都被证明是错误的。同时空白句后面的内容举例说明了预测也有准确的情况。

6. B。在空格后的内容都是围绕“the image”“our self-images”，作为段落主题句应该定位于“Self-image”。

7. C。空格处在段末，承接上文。主题句是“跟快乐的人一起”。第一个支撑句是说跟负面情绪的人在一起也会被感染。 C项用however引出跟快乐的人相处也会被感染（快乐）。 8. B。空格处在段首。后文的内容是提高思考能力的好处。而且在空格后有一个代词them提示前文有名词复数出现。

9. C。空格后有两个代词they提示前文有名词复数出现。代入C项，意思连贯。

10. A。空格位于段中，起承上启下的作用。上一句说运输方面的通讯需要紧急改善，下一句提到城市中的人因为太匆忙疲惫而不够礼貌，用选项B才能把上下句的条理理顺。 二、完形填空

本文通过Stephen Guyer给他三个孩子讲述他祖父艰苦创业的故事而引起孩子的共鸣，这样有助于他们渡过难关，也可以缓解他们的精神压力，消除生气和焦虑。

1. B。他给他们讲述了他爷爷—— 一个银行家，在20世纪30年代失去了一切，但没有忘记他最重视的东西。本句中的but后面的lose sight of已经暗示应该填入lost。故选项B正确。 2. A。本句的主句为he loaded his family into his car and…，由此可知设空处引导定语从句，根据句意此处应该用表示时间的关系副词when.

3. C。根据上文 ________ (lost) all in 1930s,…可知此空格应填入penniless(身无分文)。 4. D。此句应理解为爷爷用车把全家人带到加拿大。选项A意为“去取”；选项B意为“允许”；选项C意为“期望”；选项D意为“带走”。故选项D正确。

5. D。空后的句子为“there are more important things in life than money”。此句应为设空处的同位语。该句不是爷爷的一种“希望”、“诺言”或“建议”，而是爷爷的一种“信念”。故答案为选项D.

6. A。根据首段最后一词以及第二段整段内容可知，选项A为最佳选项。

7. B。本句可改为Mr. Guyer downsized from a more expensive and comfortable one to…house.改后可知Mr. Guyer原来所住的房子价格不菲，而且住起来非常舒适，而现在却住在一个小房间里。

8. D。由于居住条件变得很差，所以Mr. Guyer担心孩子们会感到不舒服。选项A意为“感到吃惊的”；选项B意为“感到烦恼的”；选项C意为“感到失望的”；选项D意为“担心的”。 9. C。使他感到吃惊的是，他们并没有感到不舒服。相反，他们的反应与他们的曾祖父一样。instead表示与前面提到的事情相反。

10. B。从上下文可知，孩子们并没有因为居住条件变得糟糕而感到不舒服，他们关心的是这所房子里的一家人有多温暖、他们的心有多么贴近。选项A意为“谈论”；选项B意为“关心”；选项C意为“写关于……的内容”；选项D意为“听说”。

11. A。根据句意可知，孩子们关心的是全家人心灵之间有多么贴近。much表示程度。 12. D。through hard times意为“度过艰难时期”。

13. C。讲故事的专家说，这种现象反映了人们对讲故事越来越感兴趣，这一点从不断增加对各种事件以及节日故事的讲述中得到印证。选项A意为“争辩”；选项B意为“技巧；技能”；选项C意为“兴趣”；选项D意为“焦虑；担忧”。

14. A。根据句意可知，此处是指一项对65个家庭所做的研究。选项A意为“研究”；选项B意为“设计”；选项C意为“委员会”；选项D意为“全体职工”。故选项A正确。

15. B。通过全文可知通过父母给孩子讲故事再让孩子复述故事这一过程，孩子们减少了生气和焦虑。

16. D。句意为：讲故事的诀窍使用孩子能够倾听故事的方式来讲(故事)。trick意为“诀窍”。故D正确。

17. C。选项A意为“履行；完成；表演”；选项B意为“写”；选项C意为“容忍；此处意为：倾听”；选项D意为“质问；质疑”。故选C.

18. C。 …that begins意为“是这样开始的”。此题从后面的叙述提示可以知道答案。 19. A。根据上文可知，所讲的故事应该符合孩子们的“需要(needs)”，而不是“活动(activities)”、“判断(judgments)”或者“习惯(habits)”。

20. B。根据句子结构可知，此空格为宾语从句的引导词，而且从句中动词take缺少宾语，what既引导宾语从句又作宾语从句的宾语。故选B。 三、“七选五”阅读理解 A篇：

1. G。根据前一句的内容可知学习一门语言的困难问题只是相对于学习第二语言而言的。 2. A。本段前半部分提到西班牙人觉得学习葡萄牙语比中国人学习葡萄牙语更加容易，因为葡萄牙语和西班牙语相似，而汉语则大不相同。由此可知在这种情况下，第一语言会影响第二语言的学习。

3.C。本段阐述的是影响语言学习以及学习进度的因素，说明为什么学习语言时有的人觉得容易，而有的人觉得很难。

4. E。本段中提到英国人学习匈牙利语时的难度不在于书写而在于复杂的语法；而说匈牙利语本族语的人可能觉得语法更加容易，却在艰难地学习英国人认为相对容易的语言。由此可知来自不同文化背景的人会发现学习不同的语言更加有难度。

5. F。本段中提到没有一门语言很容易就可以把它学好，学习一门书写完全不同的语言是一个巨大的挑战，但这并不意味着这门语言比另外一门语言更加难学，所以没有哪一门语言是

世界上最难的语言，由此可判断F项符合此处语境。 B篇：1-5 DCAEG

四、阅读填空题

11. different。根据第一段The National Institute of Health estimates that one in three adults have bits of mild sleeplessness or insomnia (失眠), while one in ten suffer from chronic (长期的) insomnia.可判断。

12. Causes。根据第二段Sleeplessness can be caused by many different things.可判断。 13. An outside stimulus。根据第二段Most people experience sleeplessness for an outside stimulus (刺激) such as stress, improper diet or a poor sleeping environment.可判断。

14. Physical。根据第四段Sleeplessness not only has effects on your physical self but also your emotional well-being.可判断。

15. illnesses。根据第三段…those who have little sleep may be more affected by both acute and chronic illnesses like high blood pressure and diabetes.可判断。

16. Producing anger。根据第四段Being unable to sleep well for a few nights may only produce anger.可判断。

17. depression。根据第四段However, if sleeplessness becomes chronic, the price could be much higher in the form of anxiety, depression and possibly substance abuse.可判断。

18. Solutions。根据第五段There are numerous ways for mild sleeplessness at home.可判断。 19. tea or coffee。根据第五段Prepare your body for sleep by avoiding drinks such as tea or coffee before bed.可判断。

20. relaxing exercises。根据第五段Don’t exercise too much before bedtime; instead, do something to relax yourself.可判断。 五、书面表达 Dear Peter,

How have you been recently? I’m writing to tell you something about our inquiring learning The students of our class were divided into two groups. One group went to the local zoo to on the rare animal—golden monkeys.

observe the features of golden monkeys. After that, they went to the library to collect some information about the monkeys’ behavior. In the meantime, the task for the other group was to surf the internet for the exact number of the living golden monkeys. Besides, an expert was invited to introduce what we could do to protect this kind of monkeys. At last, we gathered the information we got and produced a report.

I think we benefited a lot from the inquiring learning. Not only did we know how to What do you think of our inquiring learning? Looking forward to your reply.

Best wishes, cooperate with others but also found a new way of learning.

Li Hua