高级英语Paraphrase

Pub Talk and the King’s English

1．And it is an activity only of humans.

And conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings． 2．Conversation is not for making a point. Conversation is not for persuading others to accept our idea or point of view. 3．In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to lose.

In fact a person who really enjoys and is skilled at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his point of view．

4．Bar friends are not deeply involved in each other's lives. People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not intimate friends for they are not deeply absorbed or engrossed in each other‘s lives.

5．but conversation does not need to be settled; it could still go ignorantly on. The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong． 6． They are cattle in the fields, but we sit down to beef (boeuf).

These animals are called cattle when they are alive and feeding in the fields；but when we sit down at the table to eat．we call their meat beef．

7． he new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against him by building their French against his own language. The new ruling class by using French instead of English made it difficult for the English to accept or absorb the culture of the rulers． 8．English had come royally into its own. The English language received proper recognition and was used by the King once more．

9． The phrase has always been used a little pejoratively and even facetiously by the lower classes. The phrase，the King‟s English，has always been used disrespectfully and jokingly by the lower classes． The working people very often make fun of the proper and formal language of the educated people．

10．The rebellion against a cultural dominance is still there. There still exists in the working people，as in the early Saxon peasants，a spirit of opposition to the cultural authority of the ruling class．

11．There is always a great danger, as Carlyle put it, that \"words will harden into things for us.\" There is always a great danger that we might forget that words are only symbols and take them for things they are supposed to represent．

Marrakech

1. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. The buring-ground is nothing more than a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted and abandoned piece of land on which a building was going to be put up.

2. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon this fact. All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies like animals.

3. They rise out of the earth，they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard and nobody notices that they are gone. They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil and starve. Finally they die and are buried in graves without a name.

4. A carpenter sits crosslegged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chairlegs at lightning speed. Sitting with his legs crossed and using a very old-fashioned lathe, a carpenter quickly gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is making.

5. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews... Immediately from their dark hole-like cells everywhere a great number of Jews rushed out wildly excited.

6. ...every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury. Every one of these poor Jews looked on the cigarette as a piece of luxury which they could not possibly afford.

7. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.

However, a white-skinned European is always quite noticeable.

8. In a tropical landscape one's eye takes in everything except the human beings. If you take a look at the natural scenery in a tropical region, you see everything but the human beings.

9. No one would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas. No one would think of organizing cheap trips for the tourists to visit the poor slum areas． 10． ...for nine-tenths of the people the reality of life is an endless back-breaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil. life is very hard for ninety percent of the people．With hard backbreaking toil they can produce a little food on the poor soil．11．She accept- ed her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden. She took it for granted that as an old woman she was the lowest in the community，that she was only fit for doing heavy work like an animal． 12．People with brown skins are next door to invisible. People with brown skins are almost invisible. 13．Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms... The Senegales soldiers were wearing ready—made khaki uniforms which hid their beautiful well—built bodies．14．How long before they turn their guns in the other direction? How much longer before they turn their guns around and attack us? 15．Every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or other in his mind. Every white man，the onlookers，the officers on their horses and the white

N．C．Os．marching with the black soldiers，had this thought hidden somewhere or other in his mind．

A more perfect union

1.The document they produced was eventually signed but ultimately unfinished. The document they produced was eventually signed but ultimately unfinished. (para.3) After heated debate and compromises, the Constitution was finally adopted by the Constitutional Convention and 39 out of 55 delegates signed the document. But the ―three-fifths‖ clause and the twenty years allowed for the slave trade showed the slave issue was not solved, so the process of forming a more perfect union did not end with the enforcement of the Constitution.

3.But it is a story that has seared into my genetic makeup the idea that this nation is more than the sum of its parts… (Para. 9)

I am deeply ingrained, through my experience in the United States, with the idea that America is not a total of saddling everything together but is the product of fusion, of sharing the same creed.

7. On one end of the spectrum, we’ve heard the implication that my candidacy is somehow an exercise in affirmative action; that it’s based solely on the desire of wide-eyed liberals to purchase racial reconciliation on the cheap. (Para. 13) At one end of the entire range of opinion, there are people who say that I decided to run because I wanted to show black and white should have equal opportunity and I wanted to play on the desires naive liberals to achieve racial harmony without making great effort.

2. But it also comes from my own American story.

My personal background and my success story, rising from rags to riches, also teaching me the importance of unity.

4. Throughout the first year of this campaign, against all predictions to the contrary, we saw how hungry the American people were for this message of unity.

In spite of all announcements that America was not ready for a black president, that I would fail in people demanded unity and change.

5. Despite the temptation to view my candidacy through a purely racial lens, we won commanding victories in states with some of the whitest populations in the country. People were encouraged to judge me from the perspective of a black candidate, raising the question of whether the United States would fare better with a black president. However, we won the great victories even in some of the more conservative states, states with stronger racial bias.

6. We saw racial tensions bubble to the surface during the week before the South Carolina primary. The week before the Democrats were to select delegates to the national convention in South Carolina, attacks on me, on blacks became more frequent, more intense. 8.I can no more disown him than I can disown the black community. It is impossible for me to cast him off just as it is impossible for me to repudiate the black community.

The Trial that Rocked the World

7...and accused Bryan of calling for a duel to the death between science and religion. Darrow had gotten the best of Bryan, who looked helplessly lost and pitiable as everyone ignored him and rushed past him to congratulate Darrow. When I saw this, I felt sorry for Bryan. 1.\"Don't worry, son, we'll show them a few tricks.\" ―Don‘t worry, young man, we‘ll do a few things to outwit the prosecution.‖; or ―Don‘t worry, young man, we have some clever and unexpected tactics and we will surprise them in the trial.‖2.The case had erupted round my head... The case had come down upon me unexpectedly and violently; I was suddenly engulfed by the whole affair. 3. ... no one, least of all I, anticipated that my case would snowball into one of the most famous trials in U. S. History. I was the last one to expect that my case would grow (or develop) into one of the most famous trials in U.S. History.

4. \"That's one hell of a jury!\" ―That‘s a completely inappropriate jury, too ignorant and partial.‖.

5. \"Today it is the teachers, \"he continued, \"and tomorrow the magazines, the books, the newspapers. Today the teachers are put on trial because they teach scientific theory; soon the newspapers and magazines will not be allowed to express new ideas, to spread knowledge of science.

6. \"There is some doubt about that,\" Darrow snorted. ―It is doubtful whether man has reasoning power,‖ said Darrow sarcastically and scornfull .

8. Spectators paid to gaze at it and ponderwhether they might be related. People had to pay in order to have a look at the ape and to consider carefully whether apes and humans could have a common ancestry.

9. Now Darrow sprang his trump card by calling Bryan as a witness for the defence. Darraow surprised everyone by asking for Bryan as a witness for Scopes which was a brilliant idea.

10. My heart went out to the old warrior as spectator s pushed by him to shake Darrow's hand.

Darrow had gotten the best of Bryan, who looked helplessly lost and pitiable as everyone ignored him and rushed past him to congratulate Darrow. When I saw this, I felt very sorry for Bryan.

Blackmail

1. The words spat forth with sudden savagery, all pretense of blandness gone. Ogilvie spat out the words with great contempt and sudden rudeness, throwing away his pretended politeness. 2. When they find who done that last night, who killed that kid an' its mother, then high-tailed it, they'll throw the book, and never mind who it hits, or whether they got fancy titles neither. When they find who killed the mother and the kid and then ran away, they will deal out the maximum punishment, and they will not care who will be punished in this case or what their social position is. 3.The Duchess of Croydon – three centuries and a half of inbred arrogance behind her – did not yield easily. The Duchess was supported by her arrogance coming from parents of noble families who belonged to the nobility for more than three hundred years. So she did not give in easily. 4. Even the self-assurance of Ogilvie flickered for an instant. The Duchess was a good actress and she appeared so firm about their innocent that, for a brief moment, Ogilvie feltunsure if his assumption about them was right. But the moment was very short and passed quickly. 5.The house detective took his time, leisurely puffing a cloud of blue cigar smoke, his eyes sardonically on the Duchess as if challenging her objection. The house detective was in no hurry. He enjoyed his cigar and puffed a cloud of blue cigar smoke in a relaxed manner. At the same time, his eyes were fixed disdainfully on the Duchess as if openly daring her to object to his smoking a cigar, as she had done earlier. 6. There ain't much, out of the way, which people who stay in this hotel do, I don't get to hear about. If anybody who stays in this hotel does anything wrong, improper or unusual, I always get to know about it. There isn‘t much that can escape me. 7.The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind. The Duchess kept firm and tight control of her mind which is working quickly. Here the Duchess is thinking quickly but at the same time keeping her thoughts under control, not letting them run wild. 8. And when they stopped for petrol, as they would have to, their speech and manner would betray them, making them conspicuous. And when they stopped for petrol, as it would be necessary, their speech and manner would reveal their identity. British English would be particularly noticeable in the south.

9. There must be no mistake, no vacillation or dallying because of her own smallness of mind. She mustn’t make any mistakes in her plan, or waver in mind and show decision or deal with the situation carelessly due to small mindedness. In other words, she has to take a big chance, to do something very daring, so she must be bold, resolute and decisive. She has to rise to the occasion.

Mark Twain-------Mirror of America

1. Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure. Mark Twain is known to most Americans as the author of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Huck Finn is noted for his simple and pleasant journey through his boyhood which seems eternal and Tom Sawyer is famous for his free roam of the country and his adventure in one summer which seems never to end. The youth and summer are eternal because this is the only age and time we knew them. They are frozen in that age/season for all readers.

2. The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied a cosmos . His work on the boat made it possible for him to meet a large variety of people. It is a world of all types of characters. 3. All would resurface in his books, together with the colorful language that he soaked up with a memory that seemed phonographic. All would reappear in his books, written in the colorful language that he seemed to be able to remember and record as accurately as a phonograph. 4. Steamboat decks teemed not only with the main current of pioneering humanity, but its flotsam of hustlers, gamblers, and thugs as well. Steamboat decks were filled with people who explored and prepared the way for others and also lawless people or social outcasts such as hustlers, gamblers and thugs. 5. He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silver fever in Nevada's Washoe region. He took a horse-drawn public vehicle and went west to Nevada, following the flow of people in the gold rush. 6....Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist. Mark Twain began to work hard as a newspaper reporter and humorist to become well-known locally. 7 .‗It was a splendid population – for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home...‘Those who came pioneering out west were energetic, courageous and reckless people, because those who stayed at home were the slow, dull and lazy people. 8.'Well, that is California all over. '\" That‘s typical of California.

9. \"What a robustpeople, what a nation of thinkers we might be, if we would only lay ourselves on the shelf occasionally and renew our edges.\"If we relaxed, rested or stayed away from all this crazy struggle for success occasionally and kept the daring and enterprising spirit, we would be able to remain strong and healthy and continue to produce great thinkers. 10.The last of his own illusions seemed to have crumbled near the end. At the end of his life, he lost the last bit of his positive view of man and the world.