2021届课标版高考英语一轮复习训练：第二部分 专题一 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致

第二部分 语法知识贯通

专题一 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致

题组1 限时模拟

A单句填空

1.[2020广东六校联考,61]In the early period of the 17th century, Chinese tea (export) to Europe. 2.[2020湖北八校第一次联考,62]Children younger than 12 (allow) only to play the game for a maximum of one hour a day, and after 9 pm, they would be banned from logging on(登录),said Tencent. 3.[2020河北石家庄重点高中毕业班摸底考试,61]Translated fiction sales in the United Kingdom (rise) by 5.5 percent last year, with growing demand for Chinese titles, said Nielsen Book on Wednesday.

4.[2020江西南昌重点中学高三段考,62]Power walking offers many benefits. Walking at a quick pace of 4 mph (burn) around 300 calories per hour.

5.[2020广东惠州高三第二次调研,61]I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. When he (ask)why he was able to succeed, he gave his answer.

6.[2020江苏扬州期中调研,33]Now China (push) for a larger role in global economic policy-making. 7.[2020河南洛阳第一次联考,67]In recent years, the demand for goji has been rising and we (see) increasing numbers of buyers from overseas.

8.[2020河北辛集中学考试,46]Since he became director of the Palace Museum, Shan Jixiang (bring) many changes to the world’s largest royal complex (建筑群).

9.[2020河南八市重点高中联考,41]For thousands of years, doctors (recognize) that childbirth can have a big effect on a woman’s mind and body.

10.[2020河南中原名校第二次质量考评,67]Up till now, about 40 high schools across the country (undertake) the task of being the first group of AI high education pilot program by introducing the textbook in the curriculum.

11.[2020黑龙江大庆高三第一次联考,41]\"Living within 300 metres of green space (associate) with a sense of worth, greater happiness and life satisfaction,\" says a new study.

12.[2020山东省实验中学高三阶段性检测,43]This was the first time George (feel) accepted by the people around him.

13.[2019河北唐山高三模拟,70]The variety of hats in Britain (reflect) its multicultural background and rich cultural heritage.

14.[2019湖北八校第一次联考,67]Over the past centuries, the Great Wall (become) a symbol of unity and strength for Chinese people.

15.[2019湖北部分重点高中高三考试,65]Those companies could pay a fine when those chips (ship)back into the country.

16.[2019河北石家庄第一中学高三检测,50]I’m sure once you try it, you (agree).

17.[2019山西吕梁高三段考,45]Driving too close and braking (刹车) hard (be) the biggest causes of road rage.

B单句改错

18.[2020辽宁五校协作体联考]Last term our class hold a meaningful activity which required us to form a good habit in 100 days.

19.[2020四川绵阳第一次诊断性考试]As the famous saying goes, \"He who has never been to the Great Wall not a true man.\"

20.[2020贵州贵阳高三摸底考试]A monthly activity is holding for students to exchange their ideas about reading.

21.[2020广东佛山第一中学考试]Long time no see! It has been almost a year ever since you move to London.

22.[2020河北辛集中学考试]I think, the study of this novel open the way to Chinese values and history, from which you will get a better understanding of Chinese culture.

23.[2020河南八市重点高中联考]Last but not least, how can I guarantee that the money raised will be sent to the students who really needs it?

24.[2020河南三门峡高三考试]The situation is even more worse in the least developed countries — only one tenth of the people has regular access to the Internet.

25.[2020吉林长春东北师大附中第一次摸底考试]It is no wonder that you have made such great progress in your English study because you had always been working hard.

26.[2020四川遂宁高三毕业班联考]First, I always obey the traffic rules and I never ran the red light. 27.[2020广东佛山七校联考]Then I thought of the taxi booking app my friend has recommended and I booked a taxi through my cellphone.

28.[2019河南中原名校第一次质量考评]So far, man’s control over rain had never stopped. 29.[2019河北唐山一中高三期中]The wind passed and the sea was calmed down again.

30.[2019湖南株洲高三期中]On New Year’s Eve, each family have its members gather together.

题组2 精选真题

A单句填空

1.[2019全国Ⅱ,]Picking up her \"Lifetime Achievement\" award, proud Irene (declare) she had no plans...Irene said...

2.[2019浙江6月,62]One study in America found that students’ grades (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.

3.[2019北京,1]On the first day of my first grade...I (voice) my biggest concern to my mother, \"How will I make friends?\"

4.[2019江苏,29]A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith (fall)in love with the people and culture there.

5.[2019江苏,22]The musician along with his band members (give)ten performances in the last three months.

6.[2019全国Ⅲ,69]On the last day of our week-long stay, we (invite) to attend a private concert... 7.[2019天津,8]Amy, as well as her brothers, (give)a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.

8.[2018全国Ⅰ,]While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it (be) more effective at lengthening life...

9.[2018全国Ⅱ,68]The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government (start) a soil-testing program... — and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 10.[2018全国Ⅱ,61]Since 2011, the country (grow) more corn than rice.

11.[2018北京,7]China’s high-speed railways (grow)from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.

12.[2018江苏,31]Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we (develop)more convenient electronic communication tools by then.

13.[2018北京,9]A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who (trap) in the mountains for two days.

14.[2018天津,13]My washing machine (repair)this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. 15.[2018浙江6月,60]...and I (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 16.[2017甲卷(全国Ⅱ),68]Later, engineers (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube.

17.[2017丙卷(全国Ⅲ),69]My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school (come) first.

18.[2017浙江6月,62]Pahlsson and her husband (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing.

19.[2017北京,33]People have better access to health care than they used to, and they (live) longer now as a result.

20.[2017乙卷(全国Ⅰ),]When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.

21.[2017甲卷(全国Ⅱ),65]Steam engines (use) to pull the carriages...

22.[2017北京,29]In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones (invent) yet.

23.[2017江苏,27]He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he (follow).

24.[2017天津,6]Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.

25.[2017江苏,24]The publication of Great Expectations, which (be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.

26.[2016浙江6月,9]Silk (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.

27.[2016乙卷(全国Ⅰ),62]So it was a great honour...I (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.

28.[2016北京,30]The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts (reward) with success in the end.

29.[2016丙卷(全国Ⅲ),62]Truly elegant chopsticks might (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.

30.[2016甲卷(全国Ⅱ),63]If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back...Leaving the less important things until tomorrow (be) often acceptable.

31.[2016丙卷(全国Ⅲ),69]Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and (be) too violent for use at the table.

32.[2015新课标全国Ⅰ,61]It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. 33.[2015天津,6]Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she (teach) a class at that time.

34.[2015湖南,28]He must have sensed that I (look)at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, \"Why are you staring at me like that?\"

35.[2015陕西,22]Marty (work) really hard on his book and he thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday. 36.[2015湖南,22]As you go through this book, you (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.

B单句改错

37.[2019全国Ⅲ改错]Now my dream is to...Though it may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts.

38.[2018全国Ⅰ改错]During my last winter holiday, I went...I find a big change there. 39.[2018全国Ⅲ改错]It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin.

40.[2018全国Ⅲ改错]The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, and mistakes as well.

41.[2017乙卷(全国Ⅰ)改错]... once I started the car, my mind goes blank.

42.[2017甲卷(全国Ⅱ)改错]When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables!

43.[2017丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错]I had grown not only physically, but also mentally in the past few years. 44.[2017丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错]About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and became a new member of the school music club.

45.[2016乙卷(全国Ⅰ)改错]It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside.

46.[2016丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错]They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me...

47.[2015新课标全国Ⅰ改错]When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. 48.[2015新课标全国Ⅱ改错]Tony was scared and begun to cry.

A专项语篇型填空(动词的时态、语态和主谓一致)

There 1 (be) a new modern art exhibition downtown for the last three days, which 2 (close) this coming Sunday. Having got two tickets for it, I 3 (consider) inviting my friend Tony to go along with me. I know that he 4 (finish) his paper by Sunday and can afford the time.

He once 5 (tell) me that he liked modern art, so I think he will be interested in this exhibition. Just this morning, when I entered my office, my colleagues 6 (talk) about it, and some of them said they 7 (go) to see it already. The exhibition 8 (hold) in ten more big cities in America after it goes to San Francisco next week.

I’ve just called Tony and he has agreed to go with me, saying that he 9 (look) forward to going to an exhibition for months. I will call for him this Sunday. I’ll go home for lunch now, as I 10 (starve).

B语法填空

[2020湖北黄冈高三检测]Honeybee populations in the United States 1 (decrease) dramatically over the decades. And a new study suggests that a certain kind of pesticide could be making things 2 (bad).

The number of honeybees hasn’t changed much over the past few years, but the overall picture doesn’t look good for an insect that plays 3 important role in our food supply. Scientists don’t know for sure 4 this is happening. Pesticides and parasites (寄生虫)are the most suspected reasons, according to a study recently published in a scientific journal. One suggests that neonicotinoids, types of pesticides that 5 (use) around the world, are incredibly poisonous to honeybees and other insects. Part of the reason for that is that these pesticides appear 6 (stick) around in the environment and stay dangerous for a long period of time.

Though they’re deadly to insects, neonicotinoids are not considered dangerous to humans. An ongoing challenge 7 farmers is finding ways to keep other insects away while 8 (protect)bees. Pesticides may not discriminate the insects they kill, though neonicotinoid makers say the risk to bees is lower when they are used properly. The U.S. Department of Agriculture says it’s 9 (likely) that there’s one magic 10 (solve) to the problem, but there are a number of organizations trying to help honeybees.

C短文改错

[2020湖南高三六校联考]Ten years ago, my hometown is a small and poor city with few factories. And the citizens had few choice on transportation. However, nowadays my hometown has taken on brand new look with the rapid development of culture and economy. The citizens’ living conditions have been greatly improve and their lifestyles are different from in the past. Shop online has become popular. When they comes to transportation, private cars have become a common way of traveling beside public transportation. The best change is which all the people are living a hopeful life with confident.

题组1 限时模拟 A单句填空

1.was exported 根据时间状语\"In the early period of the 17th century\"可知,此处应用一般过去时;分析句子结构可知,export和Chinese tea构成被动关系,故填was exported。

2.would be allowed 根据语境并分析句子结构可知,allow是所在分句的谓语,和所在分句的主语构成被动关系;又根据第二个分句中的\"would be banned\"可知,此处应用过去将来时,所以填would be allowed。

3.rose 根据空后的\"last year\"可知,此处描述的是发生在过去的事情,应用一般过去时,故填rose。

4.burns Walking at a quick pace of 4 mph是动词-ing短语作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式;本句陈述的是客观情况,所以用一般现在时,故填burns。 【知识储备】 单个的动词-ing(短语)、不定式(短语)以及从句作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。 5.was asked 根据该句中的\"he gave his answer\"可知,他是被别人提问的,应用被动语态;此处叙述的是过去发生的事,要用一般过去时;且主语为he, 故填was asked。

6.is pushing 句意:中国正在争取在全球经济决策中发挥更大作用。由句意及Now可知,应用现在进行时,填is pushing。

7.have seen 根据该句中的时间状语\"In recent years\"并结合题意可知,此处应用现在完成时,且主语为we,故填have seen。

8.has brought 句意:自成为故宫博物院院长以来,单霁翔给这个世界上最大的皇家建筑群带来了许多变化。since引导的时间状语从句用了一般过去时,对应的主句应用现在完成时,且主语为第三人称单数,故填has brought。

9.have recognized 根据句意及时间状语For thousands of years可知,此处应使用现在完成时,且主语为doctors,故填have recognized。

10.have undertaken 根据Up till now(到目前为止)可判断句子应用现在完成时,主语about 40 high schools是复数,故填have undertaken。

11.is associated be associated with sth.\"与……联系在一起\"为固定短语,且此处描述客观事实,应用一般现在时;主语为Living...space,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填is associated。

12.had felt 句意:这是乔治第一次感受到被周围的人认可。This was the first time that...句型中,that从句应使用过去完成时。故填had felt。

13.reflects 句意:英国帽子种类之多反映了其多元文化背景和丰富的文化遗产。此处叙述的是客观情况,应用一般现在时;主语部分为\"The variety of+可数名词复数\中心词为variety,谓语动词应用单数形式。

14.has become 句意:历经数个世纪,长城已经成为中国人民团结和力量的象征。根据该句中的\"Over the past

centuries\"可知,该处应用现在完成时;该句主语\"the Great Wall\"为单数形式,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填has become。

15.are shipped 句意:当那些芯片被运送回国的时候,那些公司可能就要支付罚款。根据句意可知,主句中的情态动词could不是表示过去,而是表示一种语气,因此本空所在的时间状语从句描述的是将来的动作,应用一般现在时表将来;chips与ship为动宾关系,故此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。 16.will agree 句意:我确信一旦你试过,你就会同意。此处sure的宾语为含有时间状语从句的复合句,且遵循\"主将从现\"的原则,故此处应用一般将来时。

17.are 句意:开车离得太近和急刹车是公路暴怒的最主要原因。\"Driving too close\"与\"braking (刹车) hard\"并列作句子的主语,谓语动词应用复数形式;句子描述的是一般事实,故应用一般现在时。故填are。

B单句改错

18.hold→held 根据时间状语\"Last term\"可知,此处叙述的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。

19.not前加is 分析句子结构可知,\"who has never been to the Great Wall\"为定语从句,He为主句的主语,主句缺少谓语动词,且此处表示\"不到长城非好汉\为谚语,故在not前加is。

20.holding→held A monthly activity\"每月的活动\"是\"被举行\"的,应用被动语态,故将holding改为held。

21.move→moved 句意:好久不见!你搬去伦敦已经差不多一年了。since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,对应的主句用现在完成时。故将move改为moved。

22.open→opens think后宾语从句的主语是the study of this novel,表示单数意义,谓语动词也要用单数,本句时态为一般现在时,故将open改成opens。

23.needs→need 此处先行词是students,关系词who在定语从句中作主语,定语从句的谓语动词应与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。故将needs改为need。

24.has→have 当\"分数/百分数+of+名词\"作主语时,如果其中的名词是可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数形式;如果其中的名词是不可数名词或可数名词单数,谓语动词用单数形式。本句中people表示复数概念,谓语动词要用复数形式。故把has改为have。

25.had→have 根据\"It is no wonder that you have made such great progress in your English study\"及句意可知,此处应用现在完成进行时,表示一直以来持续发生的动作。故把had改成have。 26.ran→run 句意:首先,我总是遵守交通规则,从不闯红灯。此处指经常性的动作,所以句子用一般现在时,故把ran 改成run。

27.has→had 根据主句中的谓语动词\"thought\"可知,此处要用过去完成时,表示\"过去的过去\故将has改为had。 28.had→has 根据时间状语So far可知,此处应用现在完成时;主语control为不可数名词,故谓语动词应用单数形式has。

29.去掉was 此处the sea与calm down为主谓关系,表示\"大海平静下来\是一种拟人的手法,应用主动语态。

30.have→has family在此表示\"家庭\强调整体概念,且其前有each修饰,故其后的谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。

题组2 精选真题 A单句填空

1.declared 根据\"said\"可知,此处陈述过去发生的事,应用一般过去时,故填declared。

2.improved 分析句子结构可知,found后是that引导的宾语从句,且从句中缺少谓语动词,同时,根据主句谓语动词found和宾语从句中的after the school introduced可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填improved。

3.voiced 根据时间状语\"On the first day of my first grade\"可知,此处叙述的是一年级第一天发生的事,所以应该用一般过去时。

4.fell 句意:史密斯先生到中国几个月后,爱上了那里的人和文化。这里描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。注意fall为不规则变化动词,过去式为fell。

5.has given 句意:这位音乐家和他的乐队成员在过去的三个月里进行了10场表演。根据时间状语in the last three months 可知,句子应用现在完成时;along with连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词应与along with前的名词在人称和数上保持一致,故填has given。

6.were invited 分析句子结构可知,invite与主语we为动宾关系,且根据时间状语\"On the last day of our week-long stay\"可知,此处是在叙述过去的情况,故用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为we,故填were invited。

7.was given 句意:上周埃米和她的兄弟们回到村庄时受到了热烈的欢迎。根据时间状语last week可知,应用一般过去时;此处表示\"受到了热烈的欢迎\应用被动语态;as well as连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词应与as well as前的成分在人称和数上保持一致,故此处应用单数形式。

8.is 此处是对客观情况的描述,应用一般现在时;分析句子结构可知,says后的宾语从句缺少谓语动词,又因主语是it,故填is。

9.started 分析句子结构可知,空处在when引导的定语从句中作谓语,由前面的2005可知,应用一般过去时,填started。 10.has grown 由句中的时间状语Since 2011可知,此空应用现在完成时。

11.have grown 句意:在过去的几年中,中国的高速铁路已经从9 000千米增加到25 000千米。根据句中的时间状语\"in the past few years\"可知,此处应用现在完成时。

12.will have developed 句意:2025年,我们有望不再互相发电子邮件,因为到那时我们将已经开发更加便利的电子通讯工具。根据句中的时间状语in 2025与by then可知,空处应用将来完成时。

13.had been trapped 句意:一名救援人员冒着生命危险救出了两名被困在山里两天的游客。分析句子结构可知,空处在定语从句中作谓语,且trap与先行词tourists之间为动宾关系,此处应用被动语态;又因为此处表示在过去动作risked his life之前完成的动作,即\"过去的过去\所以用过去完成时的被动语态。

14.is being repaired 句意:这个星期我的洗衣机在维修,因此我不得不用手洗衣服。语境表示现阶段正在进行的动作,而且washing machine与repair为动宾关系,故此处应用现在进行时的被动语态。

15.was shocked 根据语境可知,此处表示\"我很震惊\与主语Ⅰ为被动关系,同时根据后面的learnt可知,时态为一般过去时,所以填was shocked。

16.managed 因为engineers与manage之间为主谓关系,而且是发生在过去的事情,所以填managed。 17.comes 结合上句可知,此处应用一般现在时,且school是第三人称单数,故填comes。 【易错点拨】 动词如果使用一般现在时,要注意主语是不是第三人称单数。此题容易误填come。 18.searched 结合后面的\"turned up\"及语境可知,此处应用一般过去时表示发生在过去的动作,故填searched。 19.are living 句意:人们现在的医疗保健比过去更便捷,所以现在人们更长寿。根据题干中的时间状语now并结合语境可判断,这里应用现在进行时,叙述当前的情况。

20.are removed 结合句中的\"tastes\"可知应用一般现在时;fat and salt是动词remove的承受者,应用被动语态。所以此处填are removed。

21.were used 结合常识可知,蒸汽机是过去的东西,而且Steam engines与use之间为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。

22.hadn’t been invented 句意:20世纪50年代,美国大多数家庭只有一部电话,那时无线电话还没有被发明出来。根据句意以及句中的关键词\"In the 1950s\"和yet可知,空处用过去完成时;且wireless phones是动词invent的承受者,所以此处用过去完成时的被动语态。

23.was being followed 句意:他匆匆回家,一次也没有回头看看是否正被跟踪。根据\"hurried\"及句意可知,本题应该用过去进行时的被动语态。 【易错点拨】 本题易误填had been followed,错误的原因是没有弄清楚动作的先后顺序。had been followed是过去完成时的被动语态,但语境表明,跟踪的动作并未早于主句的动作发生,因此不能填had been followed。 24.is regarded 句意:如今,与慢跑和游泳一样,骑自行车被看作最好的全面运动形式之一。本句谓语与主语之间是被动关系,表示\"被看作\应该用被动语态;句子主语部分是A along with B结构,因此谓语动词应在人称和数上与A保持一致,即用单数形式。再由Nowadays可知应用一般现在时,故is regarded。

25.was 分析句子结构可知,which指代Great Expectations这本书, 故定语从句中的谓语动词应用单数形式;根据句中的strengthened可知,应用一般过去时。故填was。

26.had become 句意:到大约公元前100年,丝绸已经成为丝绸之路上主要的交易商品之一。根据句意及\"by about 100 BC\"可知,become的动作发生在过去的过去,故用过去完成时。

27.was allowed 分析句子结构可知,主语I与动词allow之间存在被动关系,故应用被动语态;且前一句的\"was\"表明此处应用一般过去时,故填was allowed。

28.will be rewarded 句意:学生们一直在努力学习功课,他们的努力最终会获得成功。语境说学生一直在努力学习(have been working hard),由此可知本空描述的是将来的动作,应该用一般将来时;reward与their efforts 之间为动宾关系,因此这里应用一般将来时的被动语态。

29.be made 此处指真正雅致的筷子可能是由金和银做成的。make与句子主语Truly elegant chopsticks之间是动宾关系,又由空前的\"might\"可知,此处应填be made。

30.is 此处是说把不太重要的事情留到明天通常是可以接受的。分析句子结构可知,该句的主语为动名词短语\"Leaving the less important things until tomorrow\故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,再结合前面的\"feel stressed\"可知,此处叙述的是客观情况,应用一般现在时。故填is。

31.were 根据句中的\"believed\"可知,此处应用一般过去时;believed后的宾语从句的主语为knives,谓语动词应用复数。故填were。

32.arrived 主句为过去进行时,因此when引导的时间状语从句应用一般过去时,故填arrived。

33.will be teaching 句意:今天下午三点简不能出席会议,因为那时她将正在上课。由时间状语\"at 3 o’clock this afternoon\"和\"at that time\"可知,空处表示的是将来某个时刻正在进行的动作,故用将来进行时。 34.was looking 句意:他一定感觉到了我正在看着他。他突然瞥了我一眼,轻轻地说:\"你为什么那样盯着我?\"must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测,that引导的宾语从句应用过去时态。由句意可知,此处应用过去进行时。

35.has been working 句意:Marty一直在非常努力地写自己的书,他认为他在周五前会完成它。根据句中的\"by Friday\"可知,work这个动作从过去一直持续到现在,并将继续下去,所以要用现在完成进行时。

36.will find 句意:当你阅读这本书时,你将会发现经历过第二次世界大战的数百万人中的每个人都有着不同的经历。\"As you go through this book\"是时间状语从句,从句用的是一般现在时,主句表示将来的动作,应用一般将来时。

B单句改错

37.required→requires 由\"Now my dream is to\"可知,此处描述的是一般事实,应用一般现在时,required存在错误,主语是it,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。

38.find→found 根据时间状语\"During my last winter holiday\"可知,此处讲述的是去年寒假的事情,应用一般过去时,故把find改为found。

39.begin→begun 根据语境可知,此处应用过去完成时,故将begin改为begun。

40.include→includes 该句为一般现在时,且此处主语为that,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 41.goes→went 结合句中的\"started\"可知,此处应用一般过去时,故把goes改为went。 42.came→comes 因为主句为一般将来时,所以时间状语从句应用一般现在时表将来。

43.had→have 由时间状语\"in the past few years\"可知,此处强调的是发生在过去的动作对现在的影响,故应用现在完成时。

44.took→taken photo与take为动宾关系,故应用被动语态。take的过去分词是taken。

45.had→have 结合上句的\"is\"可知,此处叙述的是现在的一种普遍现象, 所以应将had改为have。 46.tell→told 结合\"felt\"可知,此处叙述的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,故把tell改为told。 47.think→thought 此处叙述的是过去的事情,因此应用一般过去时,故把think改为thought。 48.begun→began 这里叙述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,故把begun改为began。

A专项语篇型填空(动词的时态、语态和主谓一致)

本文讲述了作者准备邀请好友一起去看一个展览的事情。

1.has been 考查现在完成时。句中的时间状语\"for the last three days\"是现在完成时的标志,故填has been。

2.will/is going to close; is closing 考查一般将来时或现在进行时表将来。根据时间状语\"this coming Sunday\"可知这里用一般将来时,或用现在进行时表示将来。

3.am considering 考查现在进行时。从语境看,作者买了票,现在正在考虑邀请托尼去看展览,因此用现在进行时表示当前正在进行的动作。

4.will have finished 考查将来完成时。句中的时间状语表明这里说的是对持续到将来的某种情况的推测,用将来完成时。等到星期天的时候,他的论文就已经完成了。

5.told 考查一般过去时。根据句中的状语once判断,此处应用一般过去时,表示过去的动作。

6.were talking 考查过去进行时。语境表示\"当我进办公室时,我的同事们正在谈论这个展览\应该用过去进行时表示过去某个时候正在进行的动作。 7.had gone 考查过去完成时。主句使用了一般过去时,此时宾语从句的时态与主句呼应,用过去完成时,表示在过去某一时刻之前已经发生的动作。

8.will be held 考查一般将来时的被动语态。此处叙述的是将来的事情,应用一般将来时,且主语与hold之间是被动关系,应用一般将来时的被动语态。

9.has been looking 考查现在完成进行时。时间状语for months表明这里要用现在完成进行时表示较长时间里一直在做某事。

10.am starving 考查现在进行时。这里表示作者此时很饿,用现在进行时表示当前正在发生的动作。

B语法填空

几十年来,美国蜜蜂的数量一直在大幅减少。一项新的研究表明,某种杀虫剂可能会令情况进一步恶化。

1.have decreased/have been decreasing 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。时间状语over the decades常与完成时连用;再结合语境可知,该句应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时;由该句主语Honeybee populations可知,谓语动词应用复数形式,故填have decreased或have been decreasing。 2.worse 考查形容词的比较级。上文提到几十年来,美国蜜蜂的数量一直在大幅减少,此处表示某种杀虫剂可能会使情况变得更糟。故填worse。

3.an 考查冠词。play a role in…意为\"在……中起作用\是可数名词,其定语important的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。

4.why 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,作know的宾语;根据语境可知,此处表示科学家不能确定这一情况发生的原因。空处在从句中作原因状语,故填why。

5.are used 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,空前的关系代词that指代先行词pesticides,在从句中作主语,故从句的谓语动词用复数形式;此处描述的为客观情况,应用一般现在时;use与pesticides是被动关系,应用被动语态。故填are used。

6.to stick 考查动词不定式。appear to do sth.是固定用法,意为\"似乎做某事\"。此处表示这些杀虫剂似乎会在环境中滞留。

7.for 考查介词。此处表示对农民来说一项持续存在的挑战。故填for。 8.protecting 考查现在分词。此处表示\"在保护蜜蜂的同时使其他昆虫远离\现在分词短语protecting bees作时间状语,while表示强调,protecting的逻辑主语与不定式to keep...的逻辑主语一致。

9.unlikely 考查词形转换。根据该句中的\"but there are a number of organizations trying to help honeybees\"可知,美国农业部表示,不太可能有一个神奇的解决方案。故填unlikely。

10.solution 考查名词。空前的magic是形容词,且magic前又有数词one,故此处应用名词单数形式solution。

C短文改错

与十年前相比,作者的家乡发生了喜人的变化。

1.is→was 考查时态。根据句中的时间状语Ten years ago可知,此处应用一般过去时。

2.choice→choices 考查名词的单复数。choice\"选择\"为可数名词,根据句中的few可知,此处应用名词的复数形式。 3.brand前加a 考查冠词。句中的look表示\"样子\为可数名词,此处表示泛指,且brand的发音以辅音音素开头,故在brand前加a。

4.improve→improved 考查语态。句子的主语\"The citizens’ living conditions\"与动词improve是被动关系,此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。

5.删除from后的in 考查介词。本句中的the past作介词from的宾语,in多余,故删除。

6.Shop→Shopping 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处为动词-ing短语作主语,故把Shop改为Shopping。 7.they→it 考查代词。when it comes to sth./doing sth.是固定句式,表示\"当涉及某事(或做某事)时\"。

8.beside→besides 考查介词。由句意可知,此处表示除了公共交通之外,私家车已成为一种常见的旅行方式。besides表示\"除……之外\"。beside意为\"在旁边\不符合语境。

9.which→that 考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,此处引导表语从句,从句中不缺少任何成分且意思完整,故用that引导。that引导表语从句时常不可省略。

10.confident→confidence 考查词形转换。此处位于介词with之后,应用名词形式。with confidence表示\"满怀信心地\"。