2011年高考试题分类讲

感知

1. A train stopped at a small station. A passenger looked out of the 1 and saw a

woman who was 2 cakes. The gentleman wanted to buy a cake, but the woman was standing 3 from the carriage.

The gentleman didn't want to go for the cake 4 , so he called a little boy who was on the platform near the carriage and asked him: “How much does a cake 5 ?”“Three pence, sir.” answered the boy. The gentleman give him 6 and said to him, “ 7 me a cake and with the other three pence buy one for 8 .”

A few minutes later the boy came back. He was eating 9 . He gave the gentleman three pence change (零币) and said:“There was only 10 cake left, sir.”

1. A. train B. window C. door D. gate 2. A. sold B. buying C. bought D. selling 3. A. far away B. never C. not far D. far-away 4. A. yourself B. herself C. himself D. themselves 5. A. worth B. cost C .take D. spend

6. A. six pence B. eight pence C. three pence D. five pence 7. A. Carry B. Take C. Bring D. Fetch 8. A. yourself B. himself C . yourself D. myself 9. A. a cake B. bread C. an apple D. an orange 10. A. nothing B. another C. a D. one

2. Food is very important. Everyone needs to ____1____ well if he or she wants to have a strong body. Our minds also need a kind of food. This kind of food is _____2____. We begin to get knowledge even when we are very young. Small children are ____3____ in everything around them. They learn _____4____ while they are watching and listening. When they are getting older, they begin to ____5____ story books, science books…, anything they like. When they find something new, they love to ask questions and ____6____ to find out the answers.

What is the best ___7___ to get knowledge? If we learn ____8____ ourselves, we will get the most knowledge. If we are always getting answers from others and do not ask why, we will never learn well. When we study in the _____9_____ way, we will learn more and understand _____10_____. 1. A. sleep B. read C. drink D. eat 2. A. sport B. exercise C. knowledge D. meat 3. A. interested B. interesting C. weak D. better 4. A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything 5. A. lend B. read C. learn D. write 6. A. try B. have C. swim D. wait 7. A. place B. door C. way D. lessons 8. A. on B. with C. to D. by 9. A. wrong B. right C. bad D. difficult 10. A. harder B. much C. better D. well

3. The young engineer sat down on a rock and rested his head in his hands. He would never get home, it was 1 . For weeks he had been lost in the northwest Canadian forest. Now there was a terrible 2 behind his eyes, and worst of all, he had gone 3 .

Suddenly a man appeared out of the woods, an Indian who had been hunting in the area. Seeing the engineer’s 4 , he caught a fish in a nearby stream and fed the sick man the 5

of the fish and some flesh from its head. 6 within a few hours the engineer’s pain was 7 . A day later he could 8 again, and the next day he had completely recovered.

When he returned home, the engineer told the 9 to Dr Price. Not until years later did it become an accepted fact that this was just an everyday 10 doing its work. What the engineer did, by eating fish eyes, was to take his vitamin A, which protected his eyes from eye problems.

1. A. hopeless B. useless C. careless D. timeless 2. A. scene B. illness C. pain D. heat 3. A. mad B. angry C. blind D. wrong 4. A. starvation B. thirst C. reality D. trouble 5. A. tail B. skin C. bone D. eyes 6. A. Possibly B. Surprisingly C. Fortunately D. Immediately 7. A. shown B. gone C. settled D. disappeared 8. A. see B. speak C. walk D. work 9. A. news B. result C. secret D. story

10. A. sight B. food C. lifeguard D. service

4. How to get rid of waste is a great problem for the world today. Waste must be treated 26 it does not become a danger to life. 27 , in some countries, waste from factories is still poured straight into rivers. People who use the water from one of these rivers often get 28 . The water may become so polluted that it 29 all the fish in the river. When these rivers finally reaches the 30 , it pollutes the ocean.

In many countries with 31 , human waste is piped directly into the sea without being dealt with. This is not 32 . Although the sea itself can break up the waste, beaches 33 become polluted. 34 scientists suggest people take the waste far out to sea in ships where the wind and waves break it down.

In 19 an international law was passed to 35 people putting waste into the sea. It is now against the 36 to put anything into the sea nearby. Such rubbish as plastics may not be thrown 37 the sea anywhere. Other waste may be put into the sea, either 19 or more than 40 kilometers from land, 38 the nature of the materials.

The 39 of dealing with waste has become so great that several international organizations have been 40 to protect the world and control pollution. 26. A. as if 27. A. Luckily 28. A. sick 29. A. raises 30. A. pool

B. so that B. Happily B. hope B. feeds B. lake

C. ever since C. Unfortunately C. rich C. kills C. spring

D. now that D. Hopefully D. fun D. breaks D. sea D. deserts D. wrong D. But D. find D. law D. above

31. A. grassland B. plains 32. A. safe B. useful 33. A. need 34. A. So

B. may

C. sea coasts C. dirty C. can’t C. Since C. keep C. factory C. into

D. needn’t

B. Because B. suggest B. organization B. away from

35. A. stop 36. A. school 37. A. out of

38. A. depending on B. feeding on C. leading to D. connecting to

39. A. news B. method C. problem D. disadvantage 40. A. punished B. set up C. refused D. called at

5. It must have been after two o’clock in the morning when the last guest took his leave and although we had enjoyed their stay, my wife and I were quite __21__to shut the door on them. We ___22___ all the dirty dishes and glasses as they were, and after opening a few windows to let some __23____ air in and the smell of food out, we climbed into bed and ___24___ asleep. I couldn’t have been ___25___ for more than half an hour ___26___ I woke with a strong smell of smoke. ___27___ half asleep, I stepped into the living-room, and there, ___28___ heavy clouds of smoke, I saw one of the curtains was on fire. I should have ___29___ the windows then without delay, ___30___ instead I tried to beat out the fire with a folded newspaper. __31__ this failed, I hurried into the kitchen to ___32___ a bucket of water. At the same time, I shouted to Barbara who ___33___ phoned to summon the fire brigade ___34___ coming to help me. We had to work at top speed ___35___ buckets of water from the kitchen to ___36___ the fire, fanned by the wind from the windows, from ___37___. We were unable to ___38___ out the fire, but we managed to ___39___ it under control until the arrival of the firemen. ___40___, they arrived in no time, and they had little difficulty in putting out the fire. 21. A. nervous B. busy C. thankful D. free 22. A. laid B. left C. washed D. put 23. A. hot 24. A. fell 25. A. sleep 26. A. until 27. A. Not 28. A. through 29. A. broken 30. A. and 31. A. For 32. A. bring 33. A. eagerly 34. A. before 35. A. taking 36. A. beat 37. A. rising 38. A. get 39. A. keep 40. A. However

B. warm B. felt B. slept B. after B. Still B. by B. opened B. but B. When B. find

B. nervously B. for B. getting B. fight B. burning B. put B. leave B. Therefore

C. fresh C. got C. asleep C. when C. No C. from C. closed C. so C. And C. make C. hurriedly C. after C. sending C. prevent C. lighting C. keep C. make C. Fortunately

D. cold D. went D. sleepy D. as D. Only D. in D. removed D. or D. If D. carry D. certainly D. when D. carrying D. make D. spreading D. take D. hold D. Especially

技巧点拨

一、完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读理解能力和总体语言水平。解题过程是对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜测、推断、验证的过程，通常我们可以借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背景知识等进行解题 二、近几年高考完形填空的主要特点

1. 辨析词义，以实词为主。

2. 突出语篇，强调应用，注重交际。 3. 体裁多为记叙文，且第一句不设空。

三、完形填空的常用解题技巧归纳

1.上下文语境法

近年来的完形填空试题在选项的设置上越来越淡化语法结构，重在文意的干扰，即把具体的语言知识溶进具体的语言情景中去，考查考生通过上下文的前后提示或暗示，对整体文意进行把握的能力。这种考查方式所占的比例较大，且难度也大，若单纯从句子或个别段落来分析，或许所给的四个答案在语法和结构上都是正确的，若放在全局，则不一定正确。因此，快速浏览全文，领悟文章主旨，通过上下文的语境来选择答案是解决这类题的关键。 [例1] It's all in a day ' s work for a war reporter , and it can be very 39 . In the first two years of the 40 in former Yugoslavia (前南斯拉夫), 28 reporters and photographers were killed. Hundreds more were 41 .What kind of people put themselves in danger to 42 pictures to our TV screens and 43 to our newspapers? Why do they do it?

\"I think it's every young journalist's 44 to be a foreign reporter,\" says Michael Nicholson, \"that's 45 you find the excitement. So when the first opportunity comes, you take it 46 it is a war.\"

39. A. dangerous B. exciting C. normal D. disappointing 40. A. stay B. fight C. war D. life

41. A. injured B. buried C. defeated D. saved 42. A. bring B. show C. take 44. A. belief

B. dream

C. duty

D. make D. faith

43. A. scenes B. passages C. stories D. contents 45. A. why B. what

C. how D. where

[例2] Bob had just made a “motherhood contract(合同)”—declaring that for 70 days this summer he would 37 the care of their four children and all the housework. Although he didn’t even know how to make coffee when he sighed, he was very confident…. After 40 of the 70 days, he was ready to give up. “I was beaten down, “ admits Bob. “Not only is motherhood a 40 task, it is an impossible job for any normal human being.”….

37. A. stick to B. set about C. think about D. take over 40. A. strange

2.常识背景法

完形填空往往以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息，其间交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识和生活常识，考查考生灵活运用该方面知识的能力。解决这类题目，考生不仅要有广博的知识、丰富的生活经历，还要能够驾驭全文，不仅理解文章的表层意义，而且要弄清文章的深层意义。当对语言的把握不很准确时，可充分利用社会文化知识和生活常识来帮助判断。 [例1] In the summer vacation of 1997 , I was fixed with a job . I worked as a(n) 36 at Mr. Breen’s fruit shop

36．A．operator B．assistant C．waiter D．secretary

[例2] Having left the town, the girl stopped the car at the landing near

B. pleasant C. difficult

D. serious

the entrance of the bay（海湾）.She stepped into the 16 and rowed out silently ….

The lights of the town became 31 . 16. A. car B. boat B. bigger

C. ship C. closer

D. sail D. smaller

31. A. brighter

[例3] The couple called around to find a tire. No 43 .They decided to let her use their own car. “Here,”Paul said, handling Clay a 44 of keys.

43. A. way B. message C. success D. luck 44. A. set B. number C. pair D. chain [例4] Having 44 along for several days, he suddenly fell down and died. 44．A．battled

B．struggled

C．speeded

D．waited

3.习惯搭配法

词的固定搭配，特别是动词的搭配在完形填空题中出现的比例也是比较大的，多数题目涉及到动词的用法和各种搭配关系，这是由动词在句子中的重要性决定的。动词在搭配关系上与名词、介词、副词的用法紧密相关。解决这类题目要求考生多读、多记，对所学习语或固定搭配牢固掌握，并能灵活运用。

[例1] I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was 36 and when I was 14 he said, \"You’re never going to be 37 but a failure. \" 36. A. bright 37. A. anything

B. useless C. simple D. hopeful B. something C. everything D. nothing

[例2] She wasn’t even halfway, 23 she was already tired and her hands 24 from pulling on the rough wooden oars（船桨）. “ I’m never going to 25 it ”, she thought . 23. A. if 24. A. hurt 25. A. get

B. so

C. but

D. since D. take

B. ruined B. make

C. troubled

D. broke

C. keep

[例3] Tracy Wong is a well-known Chinese American writer. But her writing 36 was something she picked up by herself. After her first 37 , teaching disabled children, she became a part-time writer for IBM. 38 , writing stories was simply a 39 interest. 36. A. skill B. experience C. practice D. method 37. A. duty B. effort C. job D. task

38. A. Instead B. Normally C. Certainly D. Then 39. A. general B. deep C. personal D. lively

4.词义辨析法

要做好这种题目，必须尽量将词语辨析与情节推理和逻辑推理结合起来，从词汇意义入手，抓住情节线索解决问题。

[例1] 34 , I realized that the people there were having a nice conversation with their machines, not with people. They were more 35 having a relationship with the 36 , 34. A. From then on B. At that moment C. In all D. Above all 35. A. interested in

B. tired of

C. careful about

D. troubled by

36. A. computer B. soul C. shop D. geek

[例2] 40 what we discovered later were all the gifts that came out of 41 difficulties. We came to learn that something 42 could happen in a disaster . All over the world people 43 Chris so much that letters and postcards poured in every day. 40. A. So B. For C. Or D. Yet 41. A. sharing B. separating C. fearing D. exploiting 42. A. terrible B. similar C. wonderful D. practical

43. A. wrote for B. cared for C. hoped for D. sent for

[例2] “It was all his own idea,”says Pat, the wife of California high school football coach Bob Peters. Bob had 36 made a “motherhood contract”- declaring that for 70 days this summer he would 37 the care of their four children and all the housework. 38 he didn't even know how to make coffee when sighed, he was very confident.

36. A. only B. just C. nearly D. ever 37. A. stick to B. set about C. think about D. take over 38. A. If B. As C. Since D. Although 由于许多词汇在上下文中以不同形式反复出现，请注意以下几点： (1)同一词上下文复现：很多正确选项常是上文或下文中出现的词。

(2)同义词复现：and连接两同义的词或句子。happy and gay； unhappy and disappointed. (3)反义词复现： but 连接两个含义相对的词：small but neat； expensive but tasty； gave them reason to reflect on their past and plan for their future.

(4)词汇链即不同词类的联想：如：believe和belief；think和thought；repairman 和fix one's car.

(5)词义深层内涵的区别：如：“普通的”在英语中有多词可用，但含义不同。common： 强调事情发生的频率，非罕见的，如common sense； ordinary： 强调事物的等级、一般和日常、平凡之含义，如：ordinary people ；usual：强调习惯；general：强调大多数，较少例外；normal：含义为标准的，常态的。 5.语法分析法

完形填空题中也有考查语法知识的题目。对于他们，考生不仅要理解上下文的逻辑关系，更要有针对性地对语法结构、句式特点，对短文中所设空格中需填的词在句子里作什么成分，哪类词合适，应采取什么形式等等进行必要的分析思考，从而迅速解决问题。比如，选用动词就要考虑各种时态、语态、语气、谓语形式、非谓语形式、及物、不及物、持续性质、非持续性质、主谓搭配以及其如何与其它词类配合使用等一系列问题。熟练地掌握基础语法知识并运用其进行分析解答完形填空题是一种非常有效的解题方法。

[例1] It was raining. I went into a cafe and asked for a coffee. 21 I was waiting for my drink, I realized there were other people in the place,…. 21. A. Before

B. Since

C. Although

D. While

[例2] I played a racquetball game against my cousin Ed last week. It was one of the most surprising and tiring games I've ever had. When Ed first phoned and we play, I laughed quietly, figuring on an easy victory. ……

A. declared

B. mentioned

C. persuaded

D.suggested

[例3] I was leaving 49 several girls camp up to me.

A. while B. when C. as 6．逻辑分析法

利用上下文内在逻辑关系（比如：因果关系、转折关系、递进关系、并列关系等）

[例1] I saw their bodies, but I couldn’t feel their souls 23 their souls belonged to the 24 . 23. A. because 24. A. home

B. when

B. world

C. until C. Net

D. unless D. Café

D. since

[例2] I’ve 50 regretted it. I wanted to be a biologist, 51 I didn’t pursue my 52 . You know what you want. Go fulfill it.” 50.

A. always

B. never

C. seldom

D. almost

51. 52.

A. rather A. promise

B. but

C. for

D. therefore D. dream

B. task C. belief

7．排除保留法

有时我们会遇上这样的情况：对某个题目的正确选项的含义、用法不甚明了、但发现其它选项却有显而易见的谬误，这时候我们可以试试排除法：将干扰项逐项检查验证，凡发现有错误的选项，立即剔除出选择范围。随着选择范围的缩小，选项的准确率就会不断提高。经过这样分析推敲弃误留正，便会水落石出，找出正确答案。排除法运用得好，可以收到事半功倍的效果。

[例1] He was chatting online and, 27 , he was playing a computer game—a war game. I was 28 .

27. A. first of all 28. A. surprised

B. just then

C. at the same time D. by that time C. moved

D. frightened

B. delighted

[例2] Hearing a strange noise from the 41 of the car, he naturally got out to 42 the wheels carefully, but he found nothing wrong, so he 43 his way. Again the noise began 44 and became even louder. 41. A. front 42. A. clean 43. A. drove 44. A. normally

B. back B. change B. continued B. gently

C. left C. test C. pushed C. actually

D. right D. examine D. forced

D. immediately