2022年北京市东城区高三英语第一学期期末联考试题含解析

注意事项：

1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

1．The real reason why prices ____ , and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem. A．were

C．have been D．had been

2．It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is quite ______ to perform skillfully yourself.

A．another B．other C．the other D．others 3．---Hi, Johnson, any idea where Susan is?

---It is class time, so she __________ in the classroom now. A．can be

C．might have been

D．should be

B．must have been B．will be

4．﹣Mom，I'll stay in to accompany my grandpa this evening． ﹣________! A．With pleasure

C．Suit yourself D．It depends

5．—Which do you prefer, the former option or the latter one?

—I think the former one is no better than the latter one. So I’ll choose ________. A．the former one B．the latter one C．either of them D．neither of them

6．Either side seems to have a(n) _________ position; there are still many uncertainties on this issue. A．ambiguous

B．delicate C．explicit D．confidential

B．Never mind

7．---Did you visit the famous cultural relics last month? ---No, we____ it, but we spent too much time shopping． A．could have visited

B．must have visited

C．can't have visited D．shouldn't have visited

8．Come off it! Oversleeping is as lame an excuse as other. A．one

B．each

C．some D．any

9．Teaching as a career is to many people owing to the long holidays. A．popular

C．attractive D．fantastic

10．In many homes in the UK, the first person _______ has to make tea for the family. A．waking up

C．woke up D．woken up

11．I will go to Beijing on business tomorrow, do you have anything ____ to your son studying in Peking University? A．to be taken

B．to take

C．taken

D．being taken B．to wake up B．familiar

12．．She is fed up with sharing a house with others; , she is looking for her own flat.

A．moreover B．otherwise C．however D．therefore

13．Once published, the novel was a(n) success and was soon translated into nine foreign languages. A．occasional B．instant C．constant D．individual

14．---Can you help me with my English homework? You're a genius. ---__________, but I'll try to help you. What's your problem? A．Far from it

C．By all means D．It's out of question

15．Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity ________ sight matters more than hearing.

A．when B．whose C．which D．where

16．As ______ healthier lifestyle is being promoted, the bicycle has also become a tool that keeps people on ______ go. A．the; a C．a; the

D．a; /

B．a; a B．Sounds good

17．-- Can you spare me a few minutes now? -- ______, but I’ll be free this afternoon. A．I’m afraid not

C．Yes, with pleasure D．No, I won’t

18．— Can you tell me something about _________ science.

— OK. _ Nobel Prize in Chemistry is usually awarded to Americans. A．the; The B．/; The

C．a; / D．the; /

B．I’m not sure

19．----There won’t be anywhere to park.

----Oh, _______. Let’s try the subway.

A．that’s a real bargain B．that’s a good point C．that’s really something D．that’s all settled 20．—Alice, why aren’t you at work today? —I a day off．

A．have given

B．have been given

C．gave D．was given

第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Business depends on productivity and employee’s interaction(互动) with 21．（6分）customers. The more productive a company is and the better its customer service is, the more income it makes. Productivity is measured by the output of employees. No other factor influences productivity and customer interaction more than how the employees think about their job.

Working environments are not the same. Blame Donais, in his book Workplaces That Work, defines culture as “a system of shared beliefs, values and norms(规范) that shape behavior”. This system of shared beliefs creates the atmosphere in which the employees work and determines their worth in the company, their opportunities within the company and their opinions of their managers.

A review of the culture of the workplace helps the management team to create models that inspire a more productive and employee-friendly culture. Understanding the workplace culture gives the management insight（洞察力）as to what hinders(阻碍) production, what can be changed and what policies can be added.

Negative cultures discourage employees, form having opinions. This is generally a result of a management team that only sees employees for their production values. Employees who don’t feel valued move on to companies that encourage their input. The high turnover results in less qualified employees.

Positive workplace cultures keep more employees. Employees who remain in positions for extended periods of time develop relationships with preferred customers and can often be the reason that a customer does business with a company. Motivated employees value the company’s assetsmore, and their decisions reflect this value. （资产）

Joan Hodgins, a management psychologist, insists that “Research shows

organizations that are committed to developing and maintaining a culture of ‘dignity at work’, harvest the benefits in terms of financial results.” Blame Donais advises that

large workplaces be aware of subcultures that can develop in different regions in the world. Large companies may need outside help to create national or global platforms to encourage a united culture among all their locations. 1、What influences a company most according to the text? A．Its customer service. B．Its efficient production.

C．Its managers’ work attitude. D．Its employees’ opinions about work. 2、What can we learn about Blame Donais’ attitude?

A．He thins people have different opinions on negative cultures. B．He thinks large workplaces should maintain a different culture. C．He thinks the system of shared beliefs is not fit for workplaces. D．He thinks subcultures are of great importance to large workplaces. 3、What way be the best title for the text? A．The Importance of Workplace Culture B．The Disadvantages of Workplace Culture C．How to Choose a Qualified Company D．How to Employ Qualified Employees

22．（8分） As a first responder, you never know what type of situation you might walk into, or who you’ll meet along the way. That’s definitely been the case for Jeffrey Lanenberg, a 51-year-old paramedic(急救医务人员) since 1984.

Ten years into the job, Lanenberg received a call that reported that a man in his early 30s had fallen down in the Mall of America. When Lanenberg and his partner arrived at the scene, they found the young male face down on the ground. He had gone unconscious, making weak attempts to breathe. His wife stood beside him holding their small son in horror. They quickly rushed to defibrillate(除颤) and calm the man to keep him under control. After Lanenberg dropped the patient off at the neighboring hospital, he thought about the man and his family for a long time.

Lanenberg thought he had experienced everything under the sun until one random visit to Office Max three years ago, where he met a man repeatedly walk back and forth while staring at him. As it turned out, the man was the patient he had saved 20 years earlier.

＂You gave me 20 years more than I ever thought I’d have,＂ the man said. He thanked Lanenberg repeatedly and told him he had someone he wanted him to meet. He

stepped around the corner and reappeared with a 20-something-year-old man. Lanenberg instantly knew that it was the son he had seen standing by his mother all those years ago.

＂That day changed my life,＂ Lanenberg said. ＂Before that, everything was about work…When I talk to my beginner-training class, I tell them you never know the impact you can have on someone’s life.＂ 1、What did Lanenberg do with the young man? A．He gave the man the first aid. C．He only sent the man to hospital. son.

2、What did Lanenberg think of the encounter with the man? A．It was unbelievable. C．It was a matter of course.

B．It was a common routine. D．It was a dangerous situation. B．He cured the man at the scene. D．He took care of the man’s wife and

3、Why was the man thankful to Lanenberg? A．Lanenberg helped bring up his little son. B．Lanenberg donated to support his family. C．Lanenberg gave him the present happy life. D．Lanenberg taught his son to be a new doctor. 4、How did the meeting change Lanenberg’s life? A．He changed his attitude to his job. B．He was rewarded with much money. C．He got a promotion to be a team leader. D．He took up teaching work to train newcomers.

23．（8分） On a cool morning, Wilson Kasaine walks along a dirt path in southern Kenya. Actually, Kasaine is tracking lions. Particularly, he is tracking one lion called Marti.

Tracking lions on foot may sound dangerous, but Kasaine has been doing it for most of his life. Born in a traditional Maasai family, he understood the beauty and risk of the wildlife. Living with big game forces him to develop a good sense of where animals have been and where they might be going. During his 12-kilometer walks to and from school, he learned how to tell the paw prints of a lion from those of other animals.

Growing up, Kasaine knew that improving his tracking abilities would help him

avoid other dangerous animals. But maybe Kasaine didn’t know that, years later, he would be tracking lions specifically to encounter them and to protect them. Today he leads a small group of wide-eyed tourists over a red sandy path in the reserve, searching for the lion that has left upon it his unmistakable prints. Each year, tens of thousands of tourists come to Kenya’s national parks to try to visit the “big five”: elephants, rhinoceros, leopards, buffaloes, and lions. The attraction of these animals to people all over the world means that the nation’s economy is tied to the protection of its wildlife. If Kenya’s wildlife disappears, so does its second-largest source of income.

Considering the rapid urban development in Kenya, this isn’t unimaginable. In 2016, a study shows that many of the nation’s most treasured species have fallen to less than one-third of their population counting from just 40 years ago. The number of lions fell too. In 1998, the nation was home to over 15,000; only about 2,000 remain today. Several experts have predicted they could disappear entirely from the country in the next two decades.

Wildlife protection efforts in Kenya must be at the sacrifice of other things. People were forced to leave their land and into smaller surrounding regions. Communities like Kasaine’s are now finding it increasingly difficult to maintain a traditional Maasai lifestyle. But they are glad that their sacrifice really makes a difference. 1、What did Kasaine learn on his way to school and back home? A．The beauty and risk of the wildlife. B．The method of telling different plants. C．The skills of telling different paw prints. D．The lifestyle of a traditional Maasai family.

2、What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The lion. C．The reserve.

B．The path. D．The group.

3、Why is Kenya making efforts to protect wildlife? A．To improve the nation’s economy. B．To offer more jobs to the local people. C．To show the importance of the “big five”. D．To set a good example to other countries.

4、What do we know from the fifth paragraph? A．The lions in Kenya are in danger of dying out. B．The number of species declined seriously in 2016. C．The nation’s economy is experiencing a very hard period. D．Species in Kenya decreased every year in the recent ten years. 5、How does Kasaine feel about his sacrifice? A．Unpleasant. C．Doubtful.

B．Hopeful. D．Worthwhile.

Psychology tells us that many people hate to take risks. But it is good 24．（8分）for us to take risks, especially when the risk is to achieve a desired result. In that way, we become stronger and braver.

Our human nature should be to take risks, but some people just sit and wish they didn't have the fear to move on. This is because they failed a few times in their lives. Please step out and don't let the past hold you back from living life to the fullest. Move forward and move on! In studying the psychology of taking risks, we find that human provides us with the desire to experiment and take chances.

Risk taking is a great advantage that allowed our ancestors to become stronger and stronger day by day. By taking risks they fought off enemies and discovered new territories. This attitude has become a part of our modern culture. Riding a roller coaster is a common risk taking activity. Even each person seems to enjoy the risk although they have the understanding that it is dangerous. This psychological and biological connection creates an interesting connection between what is unsafe and what humans enjoy.

Getting in a car each day is a risk. Getting out of bed is a risk, too. We need to take risks so that we can complete many things. Astronauts take risks when they get inside a rocket; however, the things they achieve are great. Businessmen take a risk when they buy parts of a company, however, without doing that, they could not make more money.

We need to take risks so that we can gain something. It is impossible to move forward in life, earn money, enjoy a relationship, play a sport, or doing anything else without taking a risk. It is all part of the game. It's one of the most important parts of life.

1、Some people don't want to take risks, mainly because ________.

A．they are too lazy to move on B．they feel pleased with the present life C．they have failed several times before

D．they show little interest in the strange world outside

2、What does the underlined part \"This attitude\" in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Taking risks.

C．Discovering new territories. 3、What can we infer from the passage? A．Daily life is full of risks.

B．The safest place has the greatest risk. C．People should take risks when they are young. D．We can always achieve our goals by taking risks. 4、What would be the title for the passage? A．Taking Risks Is Easier Said than Done C．Live Our Life to the Fullest

B．Risks Taken by Ancestors D．No Risk, No Gain B．Fighting off enemies.

D．Becoming stronger and stronger.

25．（10分）World’s best beaches: 2018 TripAdvisor award winners NO. 1 Clearwater Beach

It lies in America, about a forty-minute drive west of Tampa. It impresses travelers with two and a half miles of sugar-white sand, crystal-clear waters and gentle Gulf wind. The beach offers calm, shallow water, making it an ideal playground for tourists.

*Bargain hotel nearby: Pier House 60 Marina Hotel, from $293 per night (double bed)

*Airfare: As low as $71 round-trip from ORD (Chicago) to TPA (Tampa) No. 2 Siesta Beach

Just south of Sarasota, Siesta Beach on Siesta Key is known for its eight-mile stretch of sugar-fine, quartz-white sand. It’s also a great spot for kids to collect seashells and sand dollars.

*Bargain hotel nearby: Tropical Beach Resorts, from $295 per might (double bed)

*Airfare: As low as $238 round-trip from EWR (Newark) to SRQ (Sarasota)

No. 3 Ka’anapali Beach

Among the most visited beach in West Maui, this area is a popular spot for quiet relaxation or water sports. It’s also famous for the daily cliff diving ceremony off of the beach’s northernmost cliffs known as Black Rock.

*Bargain hotel nearby: Lahaina Shores Beach Resort, from $2 per night (double bed)

*Airfare: As low as $382 round-trip from SFO (San Francisco) to OGG (Kahului) No. 4 South Beach

People watching is a great pastime in Miami’s South Beach, which draws celebrities and models. Travelers love the wide, fine, white sand-covered beaches as well as the surrounding area, known for wild nightlife and excellent restaurants.

*Bargain hotel nearby: Room Mate Lord Balfour, from $2 per night (double bed)

*Great airfare: As low as $3 round-trip from LGA (New York) to MIA (Miami) 1、How much may they pay at least if Mr. and Mrs. Smith from Chicago visit a beach? A．$3 C．$579

B．$435 D．$657

2、Siesta Beach is different from other three beaches in that . A．tourists enjoy an exciting sport B．fine sugar-white sand covers it C．children have more great fun D．many famous persons visit it

3、Charlie is eager to meet his favourite movie star, which beach would you recommend? A．Clearwater Beach. C．Ka’anapali Beach.

B．Siesta Beach. D．South Beach.

第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项． 26．（30分）Dandelions（蒲公英） are common weeds that grow in many places around the world. In different 1 , dandelions take different shapes. Scientists have long 2 that different habitats led to the creation of 3 species, and that differences in form are actual proof of different species. 4 , according to Turesson, it is also possible that a 5 species takes different shapes dependent on the habitats it 6 in. To study this, I have looked at two dandelions growing in different habitats. The one, 7 I will call Dandelion 1, grows in a grass field that lies in the 8 . The other Dandelion, Dandelion 2, grows in the shadow, eg 9 the trees or behind a shed. The grass field is hot and 10 . The shadow is cool and wet. So, what are the 11 between Dandelion 1 and 2?

Dandelion 1 is dark green, and its 12 are short and quite thick. Most of the leaves lie 13 on the surrounding grass. The flowers are short. Dandelion 2, on the other hand, looks very differently. The leaves are long and 14 green, Most leaves stand in a vertical position. The flowers also 15 tall.

Dandelion 2 16 strong and tall. It is clear that it grows very well in the 17 , and that has enough 18 and space to grow into a big plant. Dandelion 1, on the other hand, is small and dark. It seems that the 19 in the grassland make it difficult for this dandelion to grow into a big plant.

20 , the conditions in the two different habitats result in different shapes for these dandelions. For Dandelion 1, the sun makes the grass field hot and dry. In order to save water, it grows short and thick leaves.

1、A．houses B．habitats C．parks D．countries 2、A．disagreed B．provided C．believed D．calculated 3、A．new B．good C．old D．bad

4、A．However B．Therefore C．Thus D．Otherwise 5、A．same B．different C．strange D．single 6、A．plants B．works C．takes D．grows 7、A．what B．which C．that D．when 8、A．world B．mountain C．sun D．valley 9、A．under B．over C．upon D．between 10、A．Humid B．Wet C．Soft D．dry

11、A．similarities B．advantages C．differences D．disadvantages 12、A．seeds B．leaves C．weeds D．woods 13、A．flat B．apart C．dead D．logical 14、A．dark B．bright C．artificial D．familiar 15、A．lie B．break C．stand D．perform 16、A．sounds B．smells C．feels D．looks

17、A．swallow B．shallow C．shadow D．shape 18、A．sunshine B．leaves C．honey D．water

19、A．Conditions B．Occasions C．Situations D．preparations 20、A．Fortunately B．Obviously C．Consequently D．Accidentally 第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27．（15分）A best friend is someone to 1． you can tell everything, even your most 2． (person) feelings and thoughts. Anne Frank treated her diary 3． her best friend. The German Nazis were in search of Anne and her family. The family had to 4． away from the chase. They didn’t dare to go out even in the evenings. They had to stay indoors day and night. Not 5． (be) able to go out for such a long time, Anne missed the beauty of nature so much that she grew 6． about everything to do with it. She stayed up 7． eleven thirty one evening on 8． just to see the moonlight. She said, “This is the first time I 9． (see) the moonlight since I came here.”

10． (fortunate), the family were discovered at last and taken away from the hiding place.

第四部分 写作（共两节）第一节 短文改错（满分10分）

28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1、 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2、 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I don’t remember exact how old I was when I began to ride a bike、 I only remembered how I practiced riding a bike in early years、 When I first successfully rode a bike, that remains a vivid memory, my brother helped me with holding the back seat of the bike when I was riding、 “Wow, I did it!” cried I, as soon as he noticed I was riding without his hands hold it! I learnt quickly, and soon, even though my feet were not touching the ground, but I was able to cycle around six kilometer a day to school! It’s so lovely to remember which happened at that time、143 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）

29．（25分）假如你是李华， 你的网友Mike在微博上说，自进入高三以来一直觉得压力很大，请你回复其微博，帮助他振作起来。

写作要点：1.分析他不开心的原因； 2.给他一些建议； 3.送上祝福。

注意：1 词数100左右； 2 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours, Li Hua

参

第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分） 1、A 2、A 3、D 4、C 5、D 6、A 7、A 8、D 9、C 10、B 11、A 12、D 13、B 14、A 15、D 16、C 17、A 18、B 19、B 20、B

第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21、1、D 2、D 3、A 22、1、A 2、A 3、C 4、A 23、1、C 2、B 3、A 4、A 5、D 24、1、C 2、A 3、A 4、D 25、1、B 2、C

3、D

第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项． 26、1、B 2、C 3、A 4、A 5、D 6、D 7、B 8、C 9、A 10、D 11、C 12、B 13、A

14、B 15、C 16、D 17、C 18、D 19、A

20、B

第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 27、1．whom 2．personal 3．as 4．hide 5．being 6．crazy 7．until 8．purpose 9．have seen 10．Unfortunately

第四部分 写作（共两节）第一节 短文改错（满分10分） 28、

第二节 书面表达（满分25分） 29、Dear Mike,

Pressure is a serious topic in today’s world. After stepping into Senior Three, you have to be faced with the coming college entrance examination. You fix all your

attention on studies, thus making you feel stressed and find it difficult to get on well with

your classmates. Besides, your parents hope that you can go to a key university, which also adds your stress.

I have some suggestions for you to relieve stress. First, try to build up your confidence, and never give up or lose heart no matter what happens. Second, you should find out your own learning methods and seek help from both teachers and classmates in the face of difficulties and stress. I think a conversation with your parents is necessary. Finally, I think you should do more physical exercise so as to keep fit.

Less pressure, better life! Best wishes to you! Yours, Li Hua