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高中词汇常用前缀后缀

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常用前缀:(前缀表示 方向、数量、否定、强调)

表示否定的前缀

1.dis-加在名词、形容词,动词之前.

disadvantage(缺点)/ dishonorable(不光彩的)/ disagree(不同意) 2.in-加在形容词,名词之前

incorrect(不正确的)/ inability(,无力)/ inaccurate(不准确的) 3.im-加在字母m,b,p之前

impossible(不可能的)/ impolite(不礼貌的) 4.il-加在以i开头的词前

illegal(非法的)/ illiterate(文盲的,无文化的) 5.ir-加在以r开头的词前

irregular(不稳定的)/ irresistible(不可抵抗的)) 6.un-加在名词,形容词,副词之前

unfinished(未完成的)/ undoubted(无疑的)/ unemployment(失业) 7.non-加在形容词,名词前 non-existence(不存在) 8.mis-加在动词、名词之前

misunderstand(误解)/ misjudge(误判)/ misleading(误导)/ misfortune(不幸) 9.dis-加在动词之前 disappear(消失)

表示强调的前缀:

1. a?? (? = -t / c / s / f / p / r) : attack/ attract / access/ associate/ affect/ appearance /

arrest /

2. a? (? = -b / d / w / s / r) :absorb / advertise / aware / aspect/ arise

表示方向的前缀:

1. re-表示“再,回,反”:review/ return/ resist 2. ex- 表示“出”或“之前的”:export/ ex-boyfriend 3. pre- 表示“前”:preview

4. fore- 表示“前”:forehead(前额)/ foresee(预见,先见)/ foretell(预言) 5. trans- 表示“超越;横跨”:transformer/ translate/ trans-national 7.post- 后: post-war(战后) 8.sub- 下: sub-way(地铁)

9.Inter- “相互”、“之间”: international(国际的)

表示数字的前缀:

1.uni-, mono-(单一, 单独) monologue(独白),uniform(制服) 2.Bi-,di-二 divide/ dilemma 3.Tri-三 Triangle(三角) 4.Multi-多

multi-colored(颜色多样的),multi-national(多国的)

其它前缀:

1.bene-善,好 benefit(利益)

2.Com-, con-, cor-, col-共同,和,完全

comment(评论)/ correlation(相互关系)/ collect(收集)/ corruption(贪污)/ collaborate(合作,合著) 3.syn-共同

synonym(同义词)

英语词汇辨析:常用英语词汇后缀:

名词后缀:

1. –or/ er/ ness “人或物”:doctor/ worker/ waitress

ness “性质,状态等”:goodness/ kindness 2. –ion “过程,状态等”:starvation/ profession 3. –ity “性质,状态,程度等”:reality/ ability/ diversity

4. –ance/ -ence “性质,状况,物品”:importance/ performance 5. –ancy/ -ency “性质,状态”:frequency/ efficiency 6. –ment “行为,结果等”:judgment/ moment 7. –ship “某种关系,状态等”:hardship/ membership 8. –hood “资格,时期,性质等”:childhood/ neighborhood 9. –dom “领域,状态等”:freedom/ kingdom/ wisdom 10. –ism “制度,主义等”:socialism/ criticism 11. –th “性质,状态等”:strength/ worth 12. –tude “性质,状态等”:gratitude/ altitude 13. –ure “行为,状态等”:pressure/ failure 14. –ic/ ics “学科,学术”:logic/ electronics 15. –ology “科学,学科”:biology/ technology

动词后缀:

1. –fy “使…化;使成为”:classify/ clarify 2. –ish “造成;成”:establish/ accomplish

3. –ize/ ise “做成;…化”:organize/ specialize 4. –en “使成为;引起”:weaken/ frighten/ widen 5. –ate “成为;处理”:separate/ generate/ operate

形容词后缀:

“属性,倾向,有…的“等

1. –able/ -ible: movable/ responsible 2. –al: national/ natural/ additional/ tropical

-ical: physical/ historical (历史上的)/ political (政治上的)/ systematical (有系统的) 3. –ant/ -ent: distant/ important/ significant 4. –ar: similar/ popular/ regular 5. –ary: military/ voluntary 6. –ed: limited/ advanced 7. –ial: commercial/ potential

8. –ic: historic (有历史意义的)/ politic (明智的)/ systematic (有计划的) 9. –ing: moving/ touching 10. –ish: foolish/ selfish

11. –ive: active/ destructive/ cooperative 12. –ory: satisfactory/ compulsory 充分的:

1. -ful: beautiful/ painful 2. –ous: dangerous/ enormous 3. –ent: violent

表示由某种物质形成,制成或生产的含义 1. –en: wooden/ golden 2. –fic: scientific

表示方向的含义

1. -ern: eastern/ western 2. –ward: downward/ forward 类似:

-ly: manly/ scholarly

表示否定含义:

-less: countless/ wireless

副词后缀:

1. –ly: completely/ seriously 2. –wise: otherwise/ likewise

3. –ward(s): outwards/ downward/ forward 4. –ways: always/ sideways

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