英语共有16种时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时。另外四种时态较少使用。 一般现在时与一般过去时 时态名称 结构 1 be动词用am/is/are表示，之后接名词，形容词或介词。 2行为动词用V原形或V-s/es,引导疑问句和否定句，用do或don't;第三人称时用does或doesn't，有does出现动词用原形；第三人称陈述句V后加s或es. 1．be动词用过去式was或 were表示。 一般过去时。 常连用的词 sometimes;often；usually;every…;always；never；once/twice/… a week/month/year;on Sundays/Mondays/…。； 主要用法 一般现在时表示没有时限的持久存在的习惯性的动作或状态，或现阶段反复发生的动作或状态 一般现在时 yesterday；the day 在过去时间里所发生before 的动作或存在的状态。 2行为动词用V—ed，yesterday;last 陈述句，疑问句和否week/month/year/…ago；a moment 定句借助于did,有。；… did出现动词用原ago;just now；on/in+过去的时间； 形。 结构 1 任何人称+will+V原形. 常连用的词 tomorrow， the day after tomorrow； soon; next week/month/year/..。; the week/month/year/.。。 after next; on/in +将来的时间; in+一段时主要用法 陈述句：I will fly to HongKong tomorrow. He will go with us. We will arrive in Shanghai next week。 否定句:I will never believe you again。 He will not come tonight。 We will not buy a car next year。 一般疑问句:Will you go there by train？ Will he come tomorrow? Will they live a five-star hotel? 一般将来时与过去将来时 时态名称 一般将来时 即将发生动作或状态. 2 间；. is/am/are+going to+V原形，表示计划打算做什么事情。 陈述句：I’m going to go to Hongkong by air. 否定句:We are not going to buy a house here. 一般疑问句:Are they going to change their jobs? 特殊疑问句:How are you going to tell him? 在过去将会发生的动作。 陈述句：I was going to buy a computer. They told me that they were not going to go abroad。 否定句:I was not going to buy a computer. He said he would come in in Shanghai。 I said I would buy you a car one day。 was/were 多用在宾语going to 从句中 +V原形 过去将来时 任何人称+would +V原形 现在进行时、过去进行时 时态名称 结构 is/am/are+V-ing 常连用的词 now； at present; at the moment； Look！(放在句首); Listen! （放在句首）； 主要用法 现在进行时 表示现在（ 指说陈述句:I'm 话人说话时） 正waiting for my 在发生的事情。 boy friend. He is doing the housework at home now。 We are enjoying ourselves。 否定句:He is not playing toys。 一般疑问句:Are you having dinner at home? Is Tim cooking in the kitchen？ 特殊疑问句：What are you doing now? Where are they having a meal？ was/were+V-ing at that time; 过去一段时间正at this time 在发生的动作。 yesterday; at+时间点+yesterday/last night; at that moment; 陈述句:I was doing my homework at that time。 We were having a party while he was sleeping。 否定句：He was not sleeping at 11 o'clock last night。 一般疑问句： Were you watching TV at that time？ 特殊疑问句： What were you doing at that moment？ 过去进行时 现在完成时、过去完成时
时态结构 名称 have/has+ p.p(过去分词） 常连用的词 already；just；before; yet(否定句中)；ever；never；once/twice/… for+一段时间； since +时间点; since+一段时间+ago； by+现在时间； so far； up to now; till now； until now； recently/lately； during/over/in thepast/last…. 主要用法 用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。简单的说,就是动作已经发生对现在造成明显的影响。 陈述句：I have already told Davy。 Davy has known this matter. He has lived here for nearly 10 years. 否定句:I haven’t finished my homework。. Tim hasn't come yet。 We haven't heard any news about him 一般疑问句： Has he worked here since he came here? 特殊疑问句： How long have you worked in this company? 现在完成时 特别注意： 1. have/has always been+名词/形容词/介词:总是或一直是什么样子。。。 He has always been a good father。 I have always been busy. They have always been in America. 过去的过去： by+过去的时间; 表“过去某动作或时间以前”的时间状语. 动作发生在过去的过去。 2. have/has gone to:去了。。。 He has gone to Beijing。 They have gone to the cinema。 3。 have/has been to：表示去过或到过.。。 I have been to Canada。 Have you been to Hongkong？ Where have you been?I have never been here。 过去完成时 had + p。p（过去分词) 陈述句：He said he had told Davy。 They told us they had finished the work. He left the office after he had called Davy. 否定句:She hadn't had dinner before she went out. 一般疑问句:Had she learnt English before she moved here？ 特殊疑问句:how many English words had he learnt by the end of last year？ Simple Future 一般将来时 Simple Present 一般现在时 Simple Past 一般过去时 句子结构：主语+V 句子结构:主语+V-ed I study English everyday. 我每天都学习英语。 句子结构：主语+will+V。 句子结构：主语+be going to+V Two years ago， If you are having I studied English in problems， I will America. help you study English. 两年前,我在美国学英语。 如果你在学习英语当中，遇到问题，我将帮助你. I’m going to study English next year。 我明年将开始学习英语。 Present Continuous 现在进行时 Past Continuous 过去进行时 Future Continuous 将来进行时 句子结构：主语+be+doing 句子结构:主语+was/were+doing 句子结构：主语+will be+doing 句子结构:主语+be going to+be+doing I am studying English now. 我正在学习英语. I was studying English when you called yesterday。 你昨天给我打电话的时候，我正在学习英语. I will be studying English when you arrive tonight。 明晚你来的时候,我会正在学习英语. I’m going to be studying English when you arrive tonight. Future Perfect 将来完成时 Present Perfect 现在完成时 Past Perfect 过去完成时 句子结构：主语+have/has done 句子结构:主语+had done 句子结构：主语+will+have done 句子结构： 主语+be going to+have done I have studied English in several different countries. 在一些国家,我已经学习了英语。 I had studied a little English before I moved to the U。S。 在我搬去美国之前，我已经学习了一点英语。 I will have studied every tense by the time I finish this course。 在我完成这个课程的时候,我已经能完成英语时态的学习了。 I’m going to have studied every tense by the time I finish this course。 Present Perfect Continuous 现在完成进行时 Past Perfect Continuous 过去完成进行时 Future Perfect Continuous 将来完成进行时 句子结构:主语+have/has been doing I have been studying English for ten years. 我已经学习英语有十年的时间了. 句子结构:主语+had been doing I had been studying English for ten years before I moved to the U.S。 在我搬去美国之前,我已经学习了十年的英语了。 句子结构:主语+will have been doing I will have been studying English for over three hours by the time you arrive。 明晚你来的时候，我已经学习英语3个小时了. 句子结构：主语+be going to have been doing I’m going to have beenstudying English for over three hours by the time you arrive 同上.
