第2O卷第4期 强 激 光 与 粒 子 束 HIGH POWER LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS VolI 2O。No.4 Apr.,2008 2008年4月 Article ID: 100I-4322(2008)04—0585—04 Preliminary results of a femto。。second electron bunch facility GU Qiang。CHEN Yong—zhong,DAI Zhi—min,LI De-ming,ZHAO Zhen-tang (Shanghai Institute ofApplied Physics。P.0.Box 800—204,Shanghai 201800,China) Abstract: A femto—second electron bunch facility has been constructed and commissioned at the Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics(SINAP).The linac of this facility consists of an S-band thermionic cathode RF- gun,an alpha magnet and a SLAC-type accelerating tube to generate a beam’then compress the micro—bunches' and finallv accelerate the beam to 2O~3O MeV.Preliminary experimental result shows that the length of the mi— cro—bunches is about 250 fs.The measured beam parameters of this facility are presented in this paper・ Key words:RF gun;Femto-second electron beam;THz radiation source CLC number:TL53 Document code: A The THz radiation source[13 at Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics(SINAP)is similar to the SUN— SHINE facility at Stanford University[2]and the SURIYA facility at Chiang Mai University ,consisting of a femto—second electron bunch facility and THz beam lines.In the first phase,the THz radiation will be gener— ated and studied in the form of coherent transition radiation(CTR),coherent synchrotron radiation(CSR)for cominissioning.In the second phase,an elliptically polarizing undulator(EPU)will be installed at the end of the linac to generate a single-pass, coherent and polarizable THz radiation.The radiance of this radiation greatly exceeds that available from conventional black body radiation or synchrotron radiation'thus providing an effective tool for far infrared(FIR)research. 1 Introduction to the linac The linac of the femto—second electron bunch facility consists of an S-band thermionic cathode RF-gun, an alpha magnet and a SLAC—type accelerating tube.The eleetron beam emeI‘ges from an APS type 1-6 cell /2 mode thermionic RF gun[4].After pre—accelerated at the RF gun。the eletron beam is transported to the alpha—magnet v1‘a a beamline consisting of the focusing,steering,scraping and beam monitoring components.The alpha—magnet is used to comDress the electron beam from few tens of ps to few hundreds of fs in length.A SLAC-type accelerating tube is used to accelerate the electron beam up to high energy to minimize the lengthening force in the drift space.The linac is shown in Fig.1. Fig.1 Accelerator of the THz radiation source at SINAP The RF gun and the accelerating tube are powered by an s—band klystron with a nomina1 output P。wer。f 2O MW,via a 6 dB power divider.About one quarter of the output RF power is fed into the RF gun caVity, while the left p。wer is fed int。the accelerating tube. T。adj ust the RF phase between the gun caVity and the accelerating tube,a high pOwer waveguide phase shift is insta11ed bef。re the input c。upler。f the accelerating tube. ate:2007-09-29; *ReceiveddFnI lundatndt n innem Expl; oration Project O Knowlff edge nnovatiI on Program oI Chinese Acade ll口it 。。 一。 一 。 Revisedda :.… Academy。f sciences;Sho 。nc。。  ̄nangnal 。u ¨ —L-science and Techn。l。gy¨u…“… Commissionun e . an N。・。 QF 。59.一 Bio elerat r physicsand a l cati。ns;一uq ang@sinap.ac.cn。graphy Gu Qi: ang(1975--),) male doctoral, student studi’ es acc ele at0 pny r an0 ItS PP u儿 g ‘ 儿 ¨ ~…。 。维普资讯 http://www.cqvip.com 586 强 激 光 与 粒 子 束 第2O卷 The beam diagnositic instrumentation setup of the femoto~electron burmh facility is shown in Fig.2.Va— rious conventional detectors are used to measure the beam positon and size,and beam current along the beam line.To measure the bunch length,the CTR generated by the beam has been measured at the end of the lin— ac.When electron beam strikes the A1 foi1,the transition radiation wil1 be collected and transported to a Go— lay detector.via the Michelson interferometer to make the auto—corelation measurements.After a special pro— cessing of the measured data,we will get the longitudinal bunch profile.The Michelson interferometer and the CTR profiler are shown in Fig.3. Golay detector i scraper \ screen/Al f0i】 focus/defoCHS quadrupole magnet Fig.3 Michelson interferometer and CTR profiler 6 :urre小◇X Fig.2 Layout of fs electron bunch facility at SINAP 2 Bearn optimization The RF gun is designed to produce microbunches with a current of about 1 A and an energy of 2~3 MeV.The coupling coefficient of the RF gun cavity is made up to 4 at the manufacture to compensate this 1j v 3jI ̄1 4)1 ̄1--' 、 一 一■—■—■— . ~, 耵 一 ,/ r ! \… :n / + - beam—・loading and to save the buildup time of the RF ac—- celerating field.A LaB6 cathode is used in the electron gun for its high emitting capability.Because the work ‘n ———、 + 一一~一一 ‘’1’ ’ … 1—・ —— 二__ l划 function is high,this cathode has the low self-heating effect to the back-bombardment.During the commis— Fig.4 Measurement of the input RF power(4), beam current at gun exit(1),beam current at alpha—magnet exit(2)and linac exit(3) sioning,the RF power is about 3 s(FWHM)and the achieved average beam current is only about 0.65 A due tO degradation of the cathode from contamination.As shown in Fig4,there is no obvious seif—heating... The electron beam from the gun has a low energy and high emittance tailA scraper in the alpha—magnet vacuum chamber and a beam current monitor are used to analyse the energy dispersion wihtin the macro— bunch. As there is no slit in the gun-to-linac beam transfer line to limit the low energy part of the electron beam,this part is lost on the wall of the beam pipe of the transfer line,and even in the accelerating tube for its small aperture.The beam current at the A1 foil downstream the accelerating tube is about 018 A. .To optimize the bunch length,we have scanned the alpha—magnet current to find the maximum CTR power on the Golay detector and also used the Michelson interferometer to find the minimum rms width of the autocorrelation curve. Before the scanning,a profile monitor is used to observe the beam profile and by adjusting the quadru— poles and correctors before and after the alpha magnet,a round and centered beam is available at the entrance of the accelerating tube. Several sets of quadrupole and corrector currents with different alpha magnet strength are saved.During the scanning,the phase shift between the RF gun and the accelerating tube is ad— justed linearly to compensate for path length changes in the alpha—magnet,and the OTR at the A1 foil is a1so 维普资讯 http://www.cqvip.com 维普资讯 http://www.cqvip.com
588 强 激 光 与 粒 子 束 第2O卷 Based on the corrected autocorrelation spetrum,we have got the overall bunch profile with a high—cur— rent peak greater than 1 00 A and a shot bunch length less than 300 fs.Fig.8 shows the reconstructed micro— bunch profile at the Al foil from the autocorrelation spectrum with the correction. Acknowledgment:The authors would like tO thank Mr.Lu Shanlian and Mr.Yu Tiemin for their great help on maintaining and operating the whole system,Prof.Tong Dechun of Tsinghua University for advices and help on the RF gun design and manu— facture,and Dr.Wu Gang of IHEP for discussion on the accelerator commissioning. References: [1] Gu Q,Zhou Q G,Dai Z M,et a1.Design of an intense THz light source based on femto-second electron bunches[C]//Proc of Asian Particle Accelerator Conference.2004:294—296. [23 Wiedemann H,Bocek D,Hernandez M,et a1.Femto-second electron pulses from a linear accelerator[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials, 1992,248:324—379. [3]Vilaithong T,Chirapatpimol N,Rhodes M W,et a1.SURIYA,a source of femto-second electron and photon pulses[c]//Proc of Asian Par— ticle Accelerator Conference.2001:9卜93. [4]Borland M.Cavity design and beam simulations for the APS RF gun[R].APS LS Note 186,1991. [53 Lai R,Sievers J.Determination of bunch asymmetry from coherent radiation in the frequency domain[J].AIP,1996,367:312—326. 飞秒电子束装置的初步实验结果 顾 强, 陈永中, 戴志敏, 李德明, 赵振堂 (中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,上海201800) 摘要: 上海应用物理研究所建造并调试了一台飞秒电子束装置。这台装置主要由一把S波段热阴极微波电子、一台 alpha磁铁和一根SLAC型加速管组成。这台装置可以产生能量为20 ̄30 MeV,峰值电流为100 A,微束团长度为250 Is的电 子束。这篇文章报道了这台装置的调试和电子束团参数的测量。 关键词:微波电子;飞秒电子束;THz辐射源
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