专业英语四级(完形填空)模拟试卷214(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级（完形填空）模拟试卷214 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有： 4. CLOZE

PART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY.

[A]excessive[I]minimum [B]coexisted[J]plausibly [C]manipulation[K]subsidy [D]inaugurate[L]intervenes [E]emergence[M]traditionally [F]complete[N]distribute [G]locomotive[O]notorious [H]implies In a sense, the new protectionism is not protectionism at all, at least not in the traditional sense of the term. The old protectionism referred only to trade restricting and trade expanding devices, such as the tariff or export【C1】______. The new protectionism is much broader than this: it includes interventions into foreign trade but is not limited to them. The new protectionism, in fact, refers to how the whole of government intervention into the private economy affects international trade. The emphasis on trade is still there, thus came the term “ protection”. But what is new is the realization that virtually all government activities can affect international economic relations. The【C2】______of the new protectionism in the Western world reflects the victory of the interventionist, or welfare economy over the market economy. Jab Tumiler writes, “The old protectionism【C3】______, without any apparent intellectual difficulty with the acceptance of the market as a national as well as an international economic distribution mechanism—indeed, protectionists as well as(if not more than)free traders stood for laissez-faire(放任). Now, as in the 1930s, protectionism is an expression of a profound skepticism as to the ability of the market to【C4】______resources and incomes to society’s satisfaction. “ It is precisely this profound skepticism of the market economy that is responsible for the protectionism. In a market economy, economic change of various colors【C5】______redistribution of resources and incomes. The same opinion in many communities apparently is that such redistributions often are not proper. Therefore, the government【C6】______to bring about a more desired result. The victory of the welfare state is almost【C7】______in northern Europe. In Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark, and the Netherlands, government intervention in almost all aspects of economic and social life is considered normal. In Great Britain this is only somewhat less true. Government【C8】______has played a very active role in economic life in France and continued to do so. Only West Germany dares to go against the tide towards【C9】______interventionism in Western Europe. It also happens to be the most successful Western European economy. The welfare state has made significant progress in the United States as well as in Western Europe. Social security, unemployment insurance,【C10】______wage laws, and rent control are by now traditional welfare state elements on the American scene.

1． 【C1】

正确答案：K

解析：根据句子结构可知，空格处缺少名词。such as前提到trade restricting and trade expandingdevices(贸易和贸易扩张工具)，such as后的the tariff(关税)是贸易工具，那么空格处就应该是贸易扩张的工具了，备选名词中的subsidy“补贴，津贴”与export搭配，意为“出口补贴”，这是贸易扩张的工具，故[K]为答案。 知识模块：完形

2． 【C2】

正确答案：E

解析：根据空格前的the和空格后的of可知，此处缺少名词作主语。结合句意：西方世界新贸易保护主义的______反映了干涉主义的胜利，或者说是福利经济对市场经济的胜利。备选名词中的emergence“出现”符合句意，故[E]为答案。 知识模块：完形

3． 【C3】

正确答案：B

解析：根据句子结构可知，此处缺少动词作谓语。由下文的indeed，protectionists as well as(if notmore than)free traders stood for laissez-faire可推知，目前新旧贸易保护主义共存着，故[B]coexisted为答案。 知识模块：完形

4． 【C4】

正确答案：N

解析：根据空格前的to可知，该空缺少动词，且应为动词原形。结合上下文可知，备选动词中的distribute“分配，分发”可以与空格后的resources and incomes搭配使用，意为“分配资源和收入”，故[N]为答案。 知识模块：完形

5． 【C5】

正确答案：H

解析：由句子结构可知，该空缺少动词作谓语。结合句意：在市场经济条件下，各种经济变化资源和收入的再分配。备选动词中的implies“意味着，表明”符合句意，故[H]为答案。 知识模块：完形

6． 【C6】

正确答案：L

解析：根据句子结构可推断，此处缺少动词作谓语。由therefore前的such

redistributions often arenot proper可推知本句句意为：要进行干涉，以取得更加令人满意的结果。故[L]intervenes为答案。 知识模块：完形

7． 【C7】

正确答案：F

解析：根据句子结构可知，此处缺少形容词作表语。由下文的In Sweden，Norway，Finland，Denmark，and the Netherlands，government intervention in almost all aspects of economicand social life is considered normal可推知，福利几乎在北欧取得了彻底的胜利。备选形容词中的complete“完全的，彻底的”符合句意，故[F]为答案。 知识模块：完形

8． 【C8】

正确答案：M

解析：本句句子结构完整，因此应填入副词。由空格所在句后半部分的and continued to do so可推知，一直以来，就扮演了一个非常活跃的角色，备选副词中的traditionally“传统上”符合句意，故[M]为答案。 知识模块：完形

9． 【C9】

正确答案：A

解析：由句子结构可知，该空缺少形容词作定语。由上文可知，在北欧的绝大多数国家里都盛行干涉主义，由此可推断，空格所在句的意思应为：只有西德在西欧盛行干涉主义的时候敢逆潮流而行。备选形容词中的excessive“过度的，过多的”符合句意，故[A]为答案。 知识模块：完形

10． 【C10】

正确答案：I

解析：由句子结构可知，该空缺少形容词。空格前的social security，unemployment insurance和空格后的rent control都是美国传统的福利元素，与这些相一致的应该是最低工资法规，备选形容词中的minimum“最低的”与wage一起使用，意为“最低工资”，故[I]为答案。 知识模块：完形

[A]sturdy[I]explanation [B]vessels[J]consequences [C]Previously[K]nasty [D]perseverance[L]reproaching [E]nailing[M]transferred [F]preliminary[N]intelligence [G]sense[O]Accordingly [H]reconcile The first step to defeating an enemy is to pin down his exact identity and how he operates. Hypertension—chronic, abnormally raised blood pressure—causes heart attacks, strokes and a multitude of other【C1】______conditions. Around a third of Americans and Britons suffer from it. It is thus a worthy enemy and【C2】______its cause is a priority. Until now, this has mostly seemed to lie in the kidneys. But Hidefumi Waki and Julian Paton of Bristol

University think they have gathered some valuable new【C3】______—by studying the brain. In a previous experiment Dr. Waki and Dr. Paton had found that rodents(啮齿动物)with high blood pressure expressed some genes differently in an area of the brain, called the solitary nucleus(核子), which sets the body’s normal blood pressure level. One of these genes was called “junctional adhesion(粘连)molecule-1” or JAM-1 for short. It is a molecule normally found in the walls of blood【C4】______that attracts clotting and immune cells—in other words, it causes inflammation. So the pair decided to look at JAM-1 in further depth. They found that in rats with high blood pressure JAM-1 levels were raised not only in the brain but also the kidney, spleen, lungs and skeletal muscle. To find out whether this was the cause or effect of high blood pressure, they then【C5】______the JAM-1 gene into the solitary nucleus of normal rats. After two weeks, these rats suffered from higher blood pressure than rats that had not received the gene. 【C6】______, experts thought that high blood pressure was caused by the kidneys. The idea was that the kidneys failed to【C7】______the blood pressure. This then caused the lungs to make a hormone(荷尔蒙)that increases blood pressure, leading to a chain of events that raised pressure throughout the blood-vessel network. All blood-pressure-lowering drugs work by seeking to put this right. Yet blaming the kidneys cannot be the full【C8】______of what is going on, because only half the sufferers respond to blood-pressure-lowering drugs. Although these findings are【C9】______, they have far-reaching implications. Variations in the JAM-1 gene and its expression may explain why high blood pressure tends to run in families, although it is also caused by a poor diet. The finding also shows that the brain could increase the activity of the sympathetic nerves, the part of the nervous system involved in stress response. Ultimately, the finding could hasten the development of drugs that would attack hypertension at its source, stopping its deadly【C10】______in their tracks.

11． 【C1】

正确答案：K 解析：根据句子结构可知，空格处缺少形容词作定语。空格前的heart attacks，strokes等都是危险的疾病，是危险的情况，备选形容词中的nasty“严重的，恶劣的”可以修饰conditions，意为“危险的情况，严重的情况”，故[K]为答案。 知识模块：完形

12． 【C2】

正确答案：E

解析：根据句子结构可推断，此处缺少动名词作句子的主语。由上文提到的“大约三分之一的美国人和英国人都患有高血压”可推知，对于高血压这个劲敌，人们首先要做的就是要找到其根源，备选动词中的nailing“揭露，抓住”符合句意，故[E]为答案。 知识模块：完形

13． 【C3】

正确答案：N

解析：根据句子结构可知，此处缺少名词。该处句意：通过对大脑的研究，布里斯托大学的HidefumiWaki和Julian Paton认为他们收集了一些有价值的新的______。结合上文中提到的“直到现在，大多数人认为其根源在于肾”可知，备选名词中的intelligence“情报，信息”符合句意，故[N]为答案。 知识模块：完形

14． 【C4】

正确答案：B

解析：根据空格后的that从句可知，该空缺少名词。结合句意：该分子通常存在于吸引凝血细胞和免疫细胞的______壁中。备选名词中的vessels与空格前的blood连用，意为“血管”，符合句意，故[B]为答案。 知识模块：完形

15． 【C5】

正确答案：M 解析：由句子结构可知，该空缺少与into搭配使用的动词作谓语。结合句意：为了查出这是否是高血压的根源，或者高血压的影响，两人把JAM-1______到正常老鼠的孤束核中。备选动词中的transferred“转移”符合句意，故[M]为答案。 知识模块：完形

16． 【C6】

正确答案：C 解析：根据空格后的逗号以及逗号后的完整的一句话可推知，此处缺少副词。本文的第二、三自然段介绍了Waki博士和Paton博士对于高血压成因的新发现：JAM-1基因。空格后面的内容是：专家们认为高血压是由肾引起的。很显然，这是人们以前的看法，备选副词中的previously“以前”符合句意，故[C]为答案。 知识模块：完形

17． 【C7】

正确答案：G

解析：根据空格前的failed to可判断，此处缺少动词原形。下文的this then caused the lungs to makea hormone that increases blood pressure…是由于肾脏对血压的感应功能失效造成的，故[G]sense为答案。 知识模块：完形

18． 【C8】

正确答案：I

解析：根据句子结构可知，该空缺少名词。由下文的because only half the

sufferers respond to blood—pressure-lowering drugs(因为降压药只对一半的病人有效)可推知，把根源归结于肾并不能解释所有发生的事实，故[I]explanation为答案。 知识模块：完形

19． 【C9】

正确答案：F

解析：由句子结构可知，该空缺少形容词作表语。由空格后的they have far-reaching implications可推知该处的句意为：这些发现虽然是初步的，却具有深远的含义。preliminary“初步的，开端的”符合句意，故[F]为答案。 知识模块：完形

20． 【C10】

正确答案：J

解析：由句子结构可知，该空缺少名词。由空格前的that would attack hypertension at its source可推知，从根源上战胜高血压后，就可以阻止灾难性后果的发生，备选名词中的consequences“后果”可以与deadly搭配使用，意为“灾难性的后果”，故[J]为答案。 知识模块：完形