八年级英语下册Unit7FoodFestival词汇精讲精练新版仁爱版3 (2)

Unit 7 Food Festival

词汇精讲精练

词汇精讲

1. think about

think about是“动词 + 介词”的动词短语，意为“考虑，思考”。后面接名词、代词或

动名词作宾语。例如：

He is thinking about what I said. 他正在考虑我所说的话。

【拓展】

think about; think of; think over和think out的辨析： (1) think about指从各方面去思考。其常用搭配为： think about + sth. (名词或代词) think about doing sth.

think about + 疑问代词或副词 + to do sth. 例如：

She is thinking about changing her job. 她正在考虑换个工作。 (2) think of意为“想起，记起，考虑，认为”，是动介结构。

I can’t think of his name at the moment. 我一时想不起他的名字。 (3) think over着重“仔细考虑，反复考虑”，是动副结构。其常用搭配为： think over + 名词 think + 代词 + over

think over + what等引导的从句 例如：

It’s a difficult problem. I must think it over.这是一道难题，我得仔细思考思考。 (4) think out意为“想出”，是动副结构，代词需放中间。例如：

At last he thought out the maths problem.最后，他想出了那道数学题。 注意：

(1) think about与think of均为动介结构。表示“考虑”或“认为”，一般可互换。 (2) 当“考虑”某事或计划等是否可行时，不能用think of。

(3) 当think of表示“关心，想出，记得，想念”时，不能用think about。 2. try one’s best

try one’s best to do sth. 意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”。例如： We should try our best to finish the work on time.

我们应该尽最大努力准时完成这项工作。 【拓展】

(1) try doing …意为“尝试着做某事”。

I tried helping her but she refused me. 我试着帮助她，但是她拒绝了我。 (2) 辨析：try to do 与manage to do

try to do… 意为“尽力做某事”，但是不一定做成。 manage to do… 则表示“设法做某事而且成功了”。 He managed to pass the examination.

= He succeeded in passing the examination. 他成功地通过了考试。

He tried to get the work done with little help.

他尽量在没有什么帮助的情况下完成工作。 3. success

success 表示抽象意义的“成功”，是不可数名词；表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”, 则是可数名词。例如：

Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。

His new book was a great success. 他的新书获得了巨大成功。 【拓展】

（1）succeed 表示“成功”，是不及物动词；表示做某事做成功了，succeed 后通常接in doing sth.。例如：

His plan succeeded.他的计划成功了。

At last he succeeded in solving the problem. 他终于把那个问题解决了。 She succeeded in (passing) the exam. 她考试及格了。 （2）successful作形容词，意为“成功的”。例如： The performance was successful. 演出很成功。

It was a successful experiment. 那是一次成功的试验。 4. imagine

imagine是动词，意为“想象，推测”，后面可接名词、代词、宾语从句、复合宾语，常用于结构：imagine doing sth. 想象做某事。例如：

We can’t imagine what China will be like in the future.

我们无法想象将来中国是什么样子。

I can’t imagine leaving all my friends.

我无法想象离开我所有的朋友。

No one can imagine what will happen next. 没有人能想象出下一步会发生什么。 5. regret

regret作动词，意为“后悔；遗憾”。例如：

I now regret having made a promise that I would join in the scheme. 我现在后悔答应参加该计划的事。

We deeply regret that this big fire has taken away two young men’s lives. 这次大火夺走了两个年轻人的生命,我们为此感到深深的惋惜。 【拓展】

（1）表示“因……而感觉悲哀或不开心”时，常在regret后接不定式。例如： I regret to hear of your sister’s death. 我为你妹妹的死而感到悲哀。

（2）表示“因……而感到后悔”时，常在regret后接动名词。例如： I regret causing him so much inconvenience. 我因让他如此不方便而感到后悔。 6. gather

gather作动词，意为“聚集；集合；收集”。例如： Clouds gather before a thunderstorm. 在风暴来临之前云层聚集。

People began to gather outside the palace. 人们开始聚集在宫殿前。

He took the trouble to gather the materials for me.

他不辞辛劳地为我收集资料。 7. come true come true意为“（理想、梦想等）实现”。come作系动词，表示“变得”，其后常接一些表示好的、积极的形容词，如：true; right等。例如：

Your dream will come true if you work hard. 如果你努力工作，你的梦想会实现的。

【辨析】come true 与realize come true和realize均可表示“实现”之意，但come true的主语常是物或事，如：愿望、

理想、目标等。例如：

His wish to be an actor has come true. 他想当演员的愿望实现了。 realize是及物动词，其主语常是人。例如：

She realized her dream finally. 她最终实现了她的梦想。

8. touch

（1）touch作及物动词，意为“触摸；感动”。例如： Don’t touch the paint until it’s dry. 油漆未干，切勿触摸。

His sad story touched our hearts. 他的悲惨的故事深深打动了我们的心。

（2）touch用作不及物动词，意为“接触”。例如： The two wires were touching. 那两条金属线搭在一起了。

（3）touch用作名词，多意为“联系”。例如：

I had no difficulty in getting in touch with him. 我和他取得联系没有什么困难。 9. instead/instead of

(1) instead是副词，后面不接其他的词，一般情况下可不译出，通常放在句首或句末，在句首时常用逗号隔开，表示前面的事没做，而做了后面的事。例如：

He didn’t go to school. Instead, he went to the cinema. 他没有去学校，相反他去了电影院。

(2) instead of是介词短语，意为“代替，而不是”，后面可以跟与前面并列成分相应的名词、代词、动词-ing形式等作为介词宾语。例如：

He went to the cinema instead of going to school. 他去了电影院而不是学校。

10. blind

blind作形容词，意为“盲目的，无目的的；失明的，瞎的，盲”。例如： Love is blind and sometimes deaf. 爱情是盲目的, 有时甚至是聋的。

She wants it so much that she became so stupid and blind. 她那么渴望,以致到了又笨又盲目的地步。

There’s none so blind as those who won’t see. 瞎子不算瞎,有眼不看才是瞎。 11. purpose

purpose作名词，意为“目的；决心”。例如： What is the purpose of your visit? 你来访的目的是什么？ He was a man of purpose.

他是一个意志坚强的人。 【拓展】

on purpose意为“故意地”。例如：

Bless your heart, I know you didn’t break the vase on purpose. Don’t cry! 好了好了，我知道你不是故意把花瓶打破的。别哭了。 12. in order to

（1）in order to是一个固定搭配的短语，意思是“为了”，后接动词原形构成不定式结构在句子中作目的状语，否定形式是在to前面加not。in order to可以和so as to互换，但后者不能放在句首。

In order not to be late, you should go now. 为了不迟到，你现在应该走。 （2）in order to+动词原形和so as to+动词原形可以转换成in order that+从句和so that+从句。

He did anything in order to make money.

= He did anything in order that he could make money. 为了赚钱，他什么都做。

Please go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.

=Please go in quietly so that we won’t wake the baby. 请不声不响地进去以免弄醒孩子。

词汇精练

I. 根据汉语或首字母提示补全句子。 1. Is this car for s_____? I want to buy it.

2. Can you i____ he could ride a bike when he was 10 years old? 3. Mom will cook chicken s____ for us tomorrow morning.

4. In some w____ countries, people like eating sweet food after meals.

5. —I’m afraid I can’t go swimming with you. Because I have a lot of homework to do.

—What a p____!

6. Mr. Zhang is always_______ ________(对……严格) his students. 7. Do you know how to_____ _____(处理，对付) this kind of problems? 8. You are_____ _____(不再) a child. Try to do it by yourself.

9. Please _____it_____(仔细考虑) before making an important decision. 10. The driver_____ _____(减速) when he crossed the busy road. II. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空（每空不限一词）。

1. Let’s make a ________ (decide) about the trip plan.

2. He checked the paper carefully to avoid ________(make) mistakes.

3. More and more ________(foreign) are becoming interested in Chinese culture. 4. Susan is not so ________(live) as Betty.

5. It’s important for us ________(learn) English well. III. 用方框内所给词的适当形式填空。

sincere, wrestle, Russia, invite, surprise 1. Would you like to have some ____ black bread? It’s famous. 2. How ____! He got 99 in this English exam.

3. I ____ hope you will have a bright future. 4. I received an ____, but I didn’t accept it.

5. —This man is very strong. What’s his job? Do you know? —Oh, he is a ____.

IV. 根据短文内容及首字母提示在空白处填上适当的单词，使短文意思完整。

One year ago, Kate was a ___1___(害羞的)girl. Many things could affect her ___2____(心情). She often felt unhappy. She wanted to m___3__ friends with her classmates, but she didn’t know how to talk w____4__ them. Jane was a nice girl, she often told Kate __5_____(笑话)，asked Kate to do exercise with her, and ____6__(发邮件) her to cheer her up. With the help of Jane , she doesn’t feel ____7__(孤独的) any more and she becomes m__8__ and more confident. Now she has enough ____9___(勇气) to face everything. She believes nothing is ___10___ (不可能). 1________ 2_________ 3__________ 4___________ 5 ___________ 6________ 7_________ 8__________ 9___________10___________ 【参】

I. 根据汉语或首字母提示完成下列句子。 1. sale 2. imagine 3. soup 4. western 5. pity

6. strict with 7. deal with 8. no longer 9. think over 10. slowed down II. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空（每空不限一词）。

1. decision 2. making 3. foreigners 4. lively 5. to learn III. 用方框内所给词的适当形式填空。

1. Russian 2. surprising 3. sincerely 4. invitation 5. wrestler IV. 根据短文内容及首字母提示在空白处填上适当的单词，使短文意思完整。 1. shy 2. moods 3. make 4. with 5. jokes 6. e-mailed 7. lonely 8. more

9. courage 10. impossibleUnit 7 Food

Festival

词句精讲精练

句式精讲

1. As a result, a bad man killed him.

as a result为习惯用语，意为“因此；结果”。例如：

He defeated all competitors and won the scholarship as a result。 他击败了所有的竞争者，最终赢得了奖学金。

The traffic was very heavy and as a result we didn’t arrive on time. 交通十分拥挤，因此我们没能准时到达。 【拓展】

as a result of 意为“由于”。例如： He was late as a result of the snow. 由于大雪他迟到了。

Her heart was slightly damaged as a result of her long illness. 久病使她的心脏受到一些损伤。

2. Young people like us raised most of the money. like作介词,意为“像……，和……一样”。例如：

She looks like her mother. 她看起来像她的妈妈。

We don’t need a man like him. 我们不需要像他这样的人。 【拓展】

like是一个使用频率较高的词,它既可作动词,又能作介词。like作动词，用法如下： （1）作及物动词,意为“喜欢”, 后接名词或代词,表示对某一事物的兴趣或爱好。例如： I like fish and vegetables very much. 我喜欢（吃）鱼和蔬菜。 Jack doesn’t like his work. 杰克不喜欢他的工作。

(2) 常与would, should连用,表示“想要、愿意、希望”,语气较为客气委婉。例如： Would you like something to drink? 你想要喝点什么吗?

（3）like后接动词不定式作宾语,表示喜欢某项特定的或具体的活动, 后也可跟动词的-ing形式作宾语,常表示一般性的行为爱好。例如：

Do you like to play basketball? 你喜欢去玩篮球吗？ They like playing games. 他们喜欢玩游戏。 3. I will turn to our teachers. turn to这里意为“求助”。例如：

The child turned to his mother for comfort. 那孩子向母亲寻求安慰。 【拓展】 (1) take turns to do, take turns at doing 或do by turns都表示“轮流做某事”。It’s one’s turn to do... 表示“轮到某人做某事”。例如： We take turns to make/at making dinner.

=We make dinner by turns. 我们轮流做晚饭。

It’s your turn to recite the passage. 轮到你背诵这篇课文了。 (2) turn的常用短语：

turn down 关小(音量等)；拒绝

turn off 关掉(（煤气、水、电、收音机、电视机等电器、水龙头等) turn on 打开(电器、煤气等)

turn up 调大(音量等)；出现，出席

4. I will think about how to hold the food festival.

how to hold the food festival是“疑问词+不定式”结构，作动词think about的宾语。疑问代词who, what, which等和疑问副词when, where, how等后面跟不定式，这种结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语的补语，状语，同位语等句子成分。注意：疑问副词why后不能跟动词不定式。例如：

Where to go is still a question. 到哪里去还是个问题。（作主语）

Choosing what to eat is no longer as easy as it once was.（作宾语） 选择吃什么,已经不像以前那么简单了。

The question is how to learn English well. （作表语） 问题是怎样学好英语。 【注意】

“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构经常用在某些动词后作宾语，类似的动词有：tell, show, know, learn, teach, find out, forget, wonder, remember等。例如： I’ll show you how to do it. 我要让你看看如何做这件事。, You’d better find out where to put it. 你最好弄清楚要把它放在哪里。

5. Let’s try our best to make it a success.

(1) make用作及物动词，后接复合宾语，表示“使……成为……；使成为……”时，通常由形容词、名词、介词短语充当宾语补足语。例如：

Loud music makes me uncomfortable. 吵闹的音乐使我不舒服。

The teacher tried his best to make himself a good friend of his pupils. 那位老师尽力使自己成为学生的好朋友。

（2）make用作及物动词，意为“使；让”，在主动语态中其后要跟省略to的不定式作宾语补足语，而在被动语态中，to不能省去。例如：

Don’t make the baby cry anymore. 不要再让那个孩子哭了。

She was made to wait for over an hour. 她被迫等了一个多钟头。 【拓展】

类似于make这种用法的动词还有let, have, hear, see, watch, notice, feel等。例如： I saw him put the key into the keyhole, turn it and open the door. 我看见他把钥匙插进锁孔，转动钥匙，然后打开了门。 She was seen to go into the classroom. 有人看见她进了教室。

6. I was so angry that I decided to help them.

decide是动词，意为“决定，选定”。名词为decision。 (1) decide sth.意为“决定某事”。 例如：

I can’t decide anything at the moment. 现在我不能做出任何决定。 (2) decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”。 例如：

We decide to go to Paris next month. 我们决定下个月去巴黎。 (3) decide on…意为“由……决定；决定于……”。后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。例如： I decided on going to Beijing at last. 最后我决定去北京了。

My mother decided on the red dress. 我妈妈决定买下那件红色的裙子。

句式精练

I. 按要求完成下列句子。

1. He is from Nigeria. I know. (改为复合句) I know _______ _______ _______ _______. 2. I turn to my math teacher. (改为同义句) I _______ my math teacher for help.

3. I think he can make a cheese pie. (改为否定句) I _______ _______ he_______ make a cheese pie.

4. Will you please come here early next time? (改为否定句) Will you please _______ _______ here early next time?

5. He gets up early. He wants to finish the work first. (合并成一句) He gets up early _______ _______ _______ finish the work first. 6. Kangkang’s computer doesn’t work. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ ______ with Kangkang’s computer?

7. Tom enjoyed himself in the zoo last Sunday.( 改为同义句) Tom ______ ______ ______ ______ in the zoo last Sunday.

8. What other things can you see in the classroom? (改为同义句)

______ ______ can you see in the classroom? 9. What snack do you like best?（改为同义句） ______ ______ your snack?

10. You mustn’t take more food than you need. (改为祈使句) ______ ______more food than you need.

II. 根据汉语提示完成句子，注意副词比较级和最高级的应用。 1.下次争取干好一点。

Try to ________ _______next time. 2. 他迟早会回来的。

He’ll come back________ ________ ________. 3. 在三个当中她跳得最高的。

She jumps________ ________ ________ ________. 4. 他在班里唱得最好。

He _______ ________ _______in the class. 5.你能稍稍快点来吗？

Can you come over ________ _______ _______quickly? 6. 我做的不如我应做的那么好。

I didn’t do _______ ________ ________ I should. III. 根据汉语意思完成下列句子。

1.在日本有响声地喝汤和吃完所有的米饭是礼貌的。

It’s polite to________ soup noisily and finish ________ the rice in an.

2.在法国就餐时吸烟是不礼貌的。

It’s impolite _________ _________ during a meal in France. 3.请你们随便喝点汤。

Please _________ _________to some soup. 4. 你最喜爱的快餐是什么？

What’s your _________ _________ ? 5. 我会尽量不让你久等。

I’ll try not to_________ _________ ________ . 6. 他将尽全力努力学习为了能赶上他的同学。

He’ll try his best to work hard ________

________he can catch up with his classmates. 7.老师告诉过我，地球是圆的。

The teacher told me (that) ________ ________ ________ ________. 8.我可以邀请你和我一起组织这次美食节吗？

May I invite you _______ _______ _______ _______ ______ with me ? 9. 她是一个漂亮的女孩，而且对人也友好。

She is a beautiful girl .________ ________, she is friendly to us. 10. 学校提供孩子们书籍。

The school ________ ________ ________ the children. IV. 补全对话。

从题后方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项（有两项多余选项）。

A. It’s good to stay at home for you. Jap

B. After the meal, don’t leave at once. C. Could you give me a hand? D. What rules do they have in America? E. But I’m a bit nervous. F. You’re supposed to leave before the meal. G. It’s impolite to arrive late.

A: You must be really excited about leaving for America tomorrow, Li Ping! B: Yeah. 1.__________________ A: Nervous about what?

B: I don’t know many of the customs and manners in the USA. 2.__________________ A: Sure.

B: 3.__________________

A: Well, it’s important to be on time when you’re invited for dinner.

4.__________________

Americans expect their guests to be on time. B: Then how long may I stay there? A: 5.__________________ or you seem to have come only for the meal. When your friends seem to be getting tired and running out of things, it’s time to leave. The next day, call or write a thank-you note to say how much you enjoyed the evening. 1. ___________ 2. ___________ 3. ___________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________

参

I. 按要求完成下列句子。

1. he is from Nigeria 2. ask 3. don’t think; can

4. not come 5. in order to 6. What’s the matter/What is wrong 7. had a good/nice/wonderful/ time

8. What else 9. What is, favorite 10.Don’t take . II.根据汉语提示完成句子，注意副词比较级和最高级的应用。

1. do better 2. sooner or later 3. highest of the three 4. sings (the) best 5. a bit/little more 6. as(so) well as III. 根据汉语意思完成下列句子。

1. eat /have, all 2. to smoke 3. help yourselves 4. favorite snack 5. keep you waiting 6. so that 7. the earth is round 8. to organize the Food Festival 9. What’s more 10. supplies books for/to IV. 补全对话。

1. E 2. C 3. D 4. G 5. B