2020年通州高三一模英语试题及答案

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）

A

Iwasintheseventhgrade，andwehadmovedtoNewJerseyinNovember．Bythen，everyonealreadyhadtheirownfriends，andnoonewantedtotalktoanewgirl．Tomakethingsworse，theyputmein\"SectionL\"．IfoundoutlaterthateveryonecalledSectionL\"Loserville\"．Itwassortofanopensecretthatitwasthesectionfortroublemakersandnot-so-smartkids．WhenIfoundout，Iwantedtoscream．Ihadalwaysbeenagoodstudentandhadamazingfriends，andnoweveryonethoughtIwasaloser!

IdidtextmyfriendsinIllinoisalmosteverynight，especiallymybestfriend，Ana．Atfirstmyfriendswantedtohearallaboutit．ButthensomestoppedtextingbackonceIsaidsomethingabouthowmiserableIwas．OnenightwhenIwastextingwithAna，Icomplainedaboutanotherfriendwhohadjustdonethat．

Ana'stextscamereallyfastforthenextfewminutesandtheysurprisedme．ShesaidthatshewastiredofhearingabouthowbadeverythingwasinNewJersey，too．ShesaidshedidnotwanttohurtmyfeelingsbutthatIneededtostopfeelingsosorryformyselfallthetime，Ihadtotrytomakethingsbetter．

Thenextday，IthoughtalotaboutwhatAnahadsaid．Shewasright!

IwishIcouldsaythateverythingchangedovernightafterthat，butitdidn't．Iwasstillstuckin\"Loserville\"，andsomepeoplewerestillmeantome，eventhoughItriedtojuststayoutoftheirway．Butwhatdidchangewasme-Istoppedfeelingsosorryformyselfanddidsomethingabout

makingfriends．Isigneduptomakesetsfortheschoolplay．Imetalotofnewpeoplethere，andsuddenlyIhadfriendstosayhitointhehalls!

IstillmissIllinoissometimes，butlifeinNewJerseyisn'tsohardanymore．EventhoughIcouldn'tchangemysituation，Icouldchangemyattitude-andthatmadeallthedifference．1.2.

\"Loserville\"isasectionfor______．A.failuresB.goodstudents

C.classsecretsD.newcomers

Thewritercomplainedallthetimeinthenewenvironmentbecause______．A.Anadidn'ttextbacktoherB.herfriendshurtherfeelings

1/9C.shewasunfairlytreated3.

D.shewasagoodstudent

Whatmadeadifferenceinchangingthesituation？______A.ShewentbacktoIllinois．B.SheendedfriendshipwithAna．C.Shefoughtbackwithherclassmates．D.Shebegantomakefriendswithothers．

4.

Thebesttitleforthepassagecanbe______．A.LastingFriendshipB.AnIncidenceatSchoolC.SayGoodbyeto\"Loserville\"

D.Unhappinessin\"Loserville\"B

Thesedayseveryoneisworriedaboutthesizeoftheircarbonfootprint．Inordertoreduceglobal

warming，weneedtomakeourcarbonfootprintssmaller．ButhowmuchCOareweresponsiblefor？

AnewbookbyMikeBerners-Lee（aleadingexpertincarbonfoot-printing）mightbeabletohelp．TheCarbonFootprintofEverythinglooksatthedifferentthingswedoandbuy，andcalculatestheamountofCO2theyproduce，includingtheingredients，theelectricity，theequipment，thetransportandthepackaging．Andit'sfrighteninghowmuchcarbondioxideeverythingproduces．

Butallofthiscanhelpusdecidewhichbeertodrink．FromBerners-Lee'scalculations，it'sclearthatapint（568ml）oflocally-brewed（酿制的）beerhasasmallercarbonfootprintthanabottleofimportedbeer．Thisisbecausetheimportedbeerhasbeentransportedfromfaraway，anditusesmorepackaging．Thelocalbeeronlyproduces300gofCO2-buttheimportedbeerproduces900g!So，onepintoflocalbeerisbetterfortheenvironmentthanthreecansofcheapforeignbeerfromthesupermarket．

Berners-Leehasevencalculatedthecarbonfootprintofcyclingtowork．Nothingismoreenvironmentally-friendlythanridingabike，surely？Well，itdependsonwhatyou'vehadtoeatbefore．Torideabikeweneedenergyandforenergyweneedfood．So，ifweeatabananaandthenrideakilometerandahalf，ourfootprintis65gofCO2．However，ifweeatbaconbeforethebikeride，it's200g．Infact，bananasaregoodingeneralbecausetheydon'tneedpackaging．Theycanbetransportedbyboatandtheygrowinnaturalsunlight．

So，doesthismeanthatcyclingisbadfortheenvironment？Absolutelynot．Ifyoucycle，youdontuseyourcar；andthefewercarsontheroad，thefewertrafficjams．Andcarsintraffic

2/9jamsproducethreetimesmoreCO2thancarstravellingatspeed．Cyclingalsomakesyouhealthyandlesslikelytogotoahospital．Andhospitalshaveverybigcarbonfootprints!

So，maybeit'stimeforusalltostartmakingsomechanges．Passmeabananaandapintoflocalbeer，please．5.

Whichofthefollowingsproducesthesmallestcarbonfootprints？______A.Apintoflocalbeer．B.Abottleofimportedbeer．C.Abananabeforea1.5kmbikeride．D.Baconbeforea1.5kmbikeride．6.

Accordingtothearticle，theauthorsuggestschoosingthelocalfoodbecauseitis______．A.moretastyB.easiertobuyC.betterpackaged7.

D.moreenergy-saving

Thepurposeofwritingthisarticleisto______．A.promoteanewbookB.advertisetheimportedbeer

C.instructhowtomeasurethecarbonfootprintD.encouragepeopletoreducetheproductionofCO2

C

Mostadultsfirmlybelievethataskidsreachtheirteens，theystarttotakecrazyrisksthatget

themintrouble．Doteenagerssimplylovetakingallrisksmuchmorethanadults？Arecentstudysuggestsotherwise．

Scientistsdesignedasimpleexperimentinvolving33teenagersandthreeotheragegroups．Intheexperiment，theresearcherstriedtodistinguishbetweentwoverydifferentkindsofrisk-taking．Thefirsttheycalledawillingnesstotakeknownrisks（whentheprobabilityofwinningisclear）andthesecondtheycalledawillingnesstotakeunknownrisks（whenthepossibilityofsuccessisuncertain）．

Thestudyofferedparticipantstheopportunitytoplaytwokindsofgames．Theyhadthechancetowinmoney，withonegameofferingaknownriskandtheotherofferinganunknownrisk．Oneachroundofthegame，eachparticipanthadtochoosebetweentakingasure﹩5andknownorunknownrisksofwinningalotmore．Ifononeparticularroundtheyhadpickedthe﹩5forsurechoice，thentheygot﹩5．Butifonthatroundtheyhadchosentotakearisk，therulesofthegame

3/9willdeterminewhetherornottheyhadwon．Iftheydidwin，theywenthomewithbetween﹩8and﹩125．And，ofcourse，iftheylost，theywenthomewithnothing．

Whatthescientistsfoundwasreallyquitesurprising．Itturnedoutthattheaverageteenagerwasveryhesitantwhenriskswereknown-morecarefulthancollegestudentsorparents-agedadults，andaboutascarefulasgrandparent-agedadults．Thismeansthatwhentheriskswereknown，teenagerswerenotriskyintheirbehavioratall．Onlywhentheriskswereuncleardidteenagerschoosethemmoreoftenthanothergroups．Underthosekindsofconditions，theyweremuchmorewillingtotakeariskthananyothergroup．

So，whatdoesallofthismean？Theresearchsuggeststhatadultsshouldprobablyfocusmoreenergyontryingtoeducateteenagersaboutrisksthanlimitingthem．Teenagerswhounderstandtherisksassociatedwithadecisionaremorelikelytobecarefulintheirbehavior．8.

Thisexperimentwascarriedoutby______A.dividingtheteensintothreegroupsB.comparingthereactionstodifferentrisksC.givingequalamountofawardstotheparticipantsD.observingtheemotionalchangesoftheteenager9.

Whenfacingknownrisks，teenagerstendedtobe______．A.ambitsB.cautiousC.anxiousD.curious

10.Whichgroupinthestudyweremorelikelytotakeunknownrisks？______A.Teenagers．C.Parent-agedadults．

B.Collegestudents．D.Grandparent-agedadults．

11.Accordingtothestudy，parentsshouldfocuson______．A.guaranteeingchildrentobecarefulB.settingagelimitsondangerousactivitiesC.respectingteenstomaketheirownchoicesD.guidingteenstolearnmoreabouttheeffectofrisks

D

Sharkattacksnotonlydisturbbeachactivities，butcanaffectassociatedtourist

industries．Sharknetsareacommonsolutiontopreventingsharkattacksonbeaches，buttheycausedangerstoseaecosystems．

Seekingacost-effectivewaytomonitorbeachsafetyoverlargeareas，wehavedevelopedasystemcalledSharkSpotter．Itcombinesartificialintelligence（AI），computingpower，and

4/9drone（无人机）technologytoidentifyandwarnlifesaverstosharksnearswimmers．TheprojectisacooperationbetweentheUniversityofTechnologySydneyandTheRipperGroup，whichispioneeringtheuseofdrones-called\"WestpacLittleRipperLifesavers\"-inthesearchandrescuemovementinAustralia．

SharkSpottercandetectsharksandotherpotentialthreatsusingreal-timeaerialimagery．Thesystemanalysesvideofromacameraattachedtoadronetomonitorbeachesforsharks，sendwarnings，andconductrescues．Developedwithtechniquesknownas\"deeplearning\"，theSharkSpottersystemreceivesimageryfromthedronecameraandattemptstoidentifyallobjectsinthescene．Oncecertainobjectsaredetected，theyareputintooneof16categories：shark，whale，dolphin，rays，differenttypesofboats，surfers，andswimmers．

Ifasharkisdetected，SharkSpotterprovidesbothavisualsignonthecomputerscreenandanaudiblewarningtotheoperator．TheoperatorconfirmsthewarningandsendstextmessagesfromtheSharkSpottersystemtotheSurfLifeSaversforfurtheraction．Inanemergency，thedroneisequippedwithalifesavingflotationpod（漂浮仓）togetherwithanelectronicsharkrepellent（驱逐装置）thatcanbedroppedintothewaterincaseswhereswimmersareinseveretrouble，trappedinarip，oriftherearesharkscloseby．

InJanuary2018，theWestpacLittleRipperLifesaverswasusedtorescuetwoyoungswimmerscaughtinaripatLennoxHead，NSW．Thedroneflewdownthebeachsome800metersfromthelifeguardstation，andalifesavingflotationpodwasdroppedfromthedrone．Thecompleterescueoperationtook70seconds．

WebelieveSharkSpotterisawin-winforbothmarinelifeandbeachgoers．Thisunique

technologycombinesdynamicvideoimageprocessingAIandadvanceddronetechnologytocreativelydealwiththeglobalchallengeofensuringsafebeaches，protectingenvironments，andpromotingtourism．

12.ASharkSpotteris______．A.asolutiontomonitorsharksB.anequipmenttoidentifylifesaversC.atechnologytopreventsharkattacksD.aprojecttopioneertheuseofdrones

13.Whenasharkisspottednearaswimmer，thesystemwill______．A.taketimelyactionB.analyzethevisualdataC.classifytheidentifiedobjectsD.turnon\"deeplearning\"mode

5/914.Theexampleinthe5thparagraphshowsusthatthesystemis______．A.efficientinsavinglivesB.effectiveindetectingsharksC.smartindrivingsharksawayD.practicaloverthewholeseaarea

15.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefutureofSharkSpotter？______A.Doubtful．

B.Optimistic．

C.Negative．

D.Objective．

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）

Nowadays，WeChatisaboutexpressingouropinionsandWeiboisaboutcollectingthingswelike．Bothofthemdevelopourself-focus．Self-focussimplymeansyoupayattentiontohowyoufeel，thinkandbehave．Self-focusisn'tnaturallyabadthing．Particularlyinindividualistic（个人主义的）cultures，wevalueourabilitytobeself-aware．(1)Unfortunately，whenyouareregularlyfocusingonyourself，you'llnoticeanydissatisfaction，anxiety，orgeneraldiscomfortyoumightnothaveotherwise．(2)Asaresult，self-focuscontributestoawiderangeofmentalhealthproblemslikeanxiety．

Butquittingtechnologyisnolongerapracticalsolution．(3)Forexample，don'tpostaboutthingsyoudid，whichfocusesyourattentiononyourself．Instead，youcouldshareadviceandwordsofsupportfromyoursmartphone．Asaresult，you'llfeelbetter，andsowillthepeoplearoundyou．

Doyouliketotakeselfies（自拍）？It'seasytotakeaquickpictureofyourselftoshowwhatyouredoing，orhowyourefeeling．Butpayingattentiontoourselvesoftenmakesusfeelworse．(4)Doyourbesttohighlight（突出）thewonderfulthingsthatmakethemspecial．Inthisway，youwon'tfocussomuchonyourbadhairday，andyouwillgetalongbetterwithyourfriends．

(5)Butifwecanlearntomovethefocusoffourselvesandontodoinggoodforothers，technologycanhelpusgrow．Anyway，thepointisthatit'suptoyoutohandletheabilityofyourself-focus．

A．Toomuchself-focusmeansfewfriends．B．Self-focusisgenerallyhelpfulindailylife．C．Therefore，trytakingpicturesofyourfriends．

D．Infact，wecanusetechnologyinwaysthatarelessself-focused．

E．Bybringingyourattentiontothosenegativeemotions，youstrengthenthem．

6/9F．Wewanttoknowwhoweareandwhywedowhatwedotouncoverpossiblewaystoimproveourlives．

G．Technology-whenusedincertainwaysishavingnegativeeffectsonourmentalhealthandwell-being．

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）

G.GG.GG.GG.GG.G

\"Sara，don'tforgetyourpromisetomethatyouwillmow（割草）Mrs．Martin'syardthisweekend，\"saidDad．\"Don'tletmedown．\"

Sarawastheoldestchildinthefamily，andoneofherchoreswastomowtheir

yard．Mrs．Martin，their(21)neighbor，wasunabletotakecareofheryardinher70s，soSara'sdadhad(22)Saraforthisjob．(23)Mrs．Martin'syardwasnotbig，Saraknewthejobwouldgoquickly．However，shestilldislikedherdad's(24)．\"Whydidn'tyouaskmefirst？\"Sarahad(25)．\"Didyouaskmefirstwhenyouvolunteeredmetobeintheschoolfestivallastfall？\"askedSara'sfather．

\"Well，no，Ididn'taskyoufirst，(26)youwouldhavedonethosethingsanyway．You'realways(27)tohelp．\"

\"I(28)whenIcan．\"Dadanswered．\"Sara，wehaveknownMrs．Martinforaverylongtime．Shehasoften(29)ourfamily．Nowwecandosomethingforher．(30)，thefeelingyougetfromhelpingsomeonemakesyou(31)whoisreallyhelpingwhom．\"

\"Idon'tknow，Dad，\"saidSara．\"TheonlyfeelingIgetfrommowingouryardis(32)．\"\"Justyouwaitandsee，\"saidDad

Afterbreakfast，SaramadeherwaytoMrs．Martin'syard．ShewasgoodatherjobandsoonhadMrs．Martinsyardlooking(33)．Mrs．Martincameoutsidewithabigglassoforangejuiceand(34)ittoher．Sarastoppedherworkand(35)enjoyedthedrink，whileMrs．Martintalkedtoheraboutalloftheflowersinheryard．Seeingthe(36)inMrs．Martin'seyes，Sarabegantounderstandhowmuchtheyard(37)toMrs．Martin．

7/9Afterfinishingherdrink，Sarareturnedtoworkwithanew(38)．Awarmfeelingbeganto(39)throughherbody．Herdadwas(40)．Itwashardtotellwhowashelpingwhom!21.A.strangeB.newC.aged22.A.guidedB.volunteeredC.ordered23.A.OnceB.SinceC.Unless24.A.promiseB.argumentC.permission25.A.repliedB.suggestedC.complained26.A.butB.soC.or27.A.proudB.willingC.afraid28.A.chooseB.succeedC.hesitate29.A.respectedB.changedC.protected30.A.BesidesB.InsteadC.Therefore31.A.imagineB.exploreC.worry32.A.scaredB.movedC.tired33.A.tidyB.aliveC.empty34.A.threwB.deliveredC.offered35.A.eagerlyB.generouslyC.carefully36.A.determinationB.peaceC.curiosity37.A.relatedB.meantC.belonged38.A.attitudeB.wisdomC.inspiration39.A.existB.flyC.spread40.A.unusualB.rightC.serious四、语法填空（本大题共3小题，共15.0分）

D.faithfulD.forcedD.AlthoughD.introductionD.announcedD.for

D.fortunateD.tryD.helpedD.OtherwiseD.wonderD.relaxedD.messyD.sold

D.gratefullyD.joyD.referredD.expectationD.breakD.helpful

Ihavebeentomanyplacesasanewsreporter．InIndia，Ivisitedacitywherethereweremany(1)（home）children．Somewereasyoungasfouryearsold．Theylivedinthestreets(2)survivedbybeggingorstealing．Butthenawonderfullady(3)（call）Rosaopenedahomeforthem．Withinoneyear，shewaslookingaftertwohundredchildren．Sheclothedthem，fedthemandtaughtthem．Shegavethemhope．

Onlineshopping(1)（welcome）bymostpeopleduetovariousreasons．Fortheconsumers，itcansavesometimeforthepeople(2)don'thavemuchsparetime．Justclickingthemouse，theycangetwhattheywant(3)stayingathome．Forthesellers，itcancutsomecostsforthosewithoutenoughcirculatingfunds．Comparedwiththetraditionaltrademode，theydon'thavetospendmoneyin(4)（rent）ahouse．

Peterworked(1)anightwatchmaninasmallfactory．Onemorninghisbosscameinwithasuitcase．HesaidtoPeter，I'mgoingtoNewYorktomorrow．Seeyou．Petersaid，\"Oh，youmustn'tgo．Thefactoryowneraskedhimwhy．Peteransweredthathe(2)（have）anightmarethenightbefore．Inthedream，hehadseenthenextday'splanetoNewYorkcrashovertheAtlanticOcean．Peter'sboss(3)（immediate）cancelledhisticketandstayedintheoffice．Theplanecrashed；thebossthankedPeterandgavehimabigpresent．Thenhefiredhim．五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共35.0分）

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim对中国文化很感兴趣．他即将过生日，你给他准备了一件礼物并写信给他，内容包括：

8/91．生日祝福；2．礼物介绍；3．选择该礼物的原因．注意：1．词数不少于50；

2．信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．DearJim，

Yours，LiHua

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍你组织戏剧社成员排演《雷雨》参加学校戏剧节的全过程，并以\"PuttingThunderstormontheSchoolStage\"为题，给校刊\"英语角\"写一篇英文稿件．词数不少于60．

PuttingThunderstormontheSchoolStage

9/9