Unit 8 Is there a post office near here?
1. 短语归纳
① post office 邮局 ② police station局 ③ pay phone付费电话 ④ Bridge Street 桥街 ⑤ Center Street ⑥ near here 附近 ⑦ across from 在…对面 ⑧ be free 免费（有空） ⑨ next to 紧挨 ⑩ between… and… 11 in front of 在…前面
2. 典句必背
① Is there a hospital near here这附近有医院吗 ② Yes, there is. It’s on Bridge Street. 是的，有。它在桥街上。 ③ Where’s Center Street? 噢…中心大街在哪里？—It’s not too far from here. 它离这儿不太远。 ④ Go along long Street and it’s on the right. 沿着长街走，它在右边。 ⑤ To get there, I often walk out.为了到达那里，我常常走出来。动词不定式作为目的状语。
3. 用法集萃
(1) Is there a hospital near here? 这儿附近有医院吗? ❖ near作介词，意为“在.....附近”，属于方位介词。
例：Don’t sit near the door. 别坐在门口附近 ❖ 常见的表示方位的（短语）介词：
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12 excuse me 劳驾，打扰了 13 far from 离…远 14 go along… 沿着…走 15 turn right / left 向右 / 左转 16 on the (或one’s) right / left 在（某人的）右边 / 左边 17 in my neighborhood 在我的街区 18 look like=be like像 19 in life 一生中 20 behind在后面 21 Thanks so much.= Thanks a lot. 多谢 22 cross the street=go across the street 穿过马路 next to紧挨；靠近 beside/by在....旁边 in front of在.....前面 on/over在...上面 across from ... 在...对面 on the left ( of...) 在（....的）左边 (2) It’s across from the park. 它在公园对面 ❖ across from表示“在......对面”。
near在.....附近 behind在.....后面 at the back of在.....后面 under在......下面 between... and... 在...和...之间 on the right ( of..) 在（....的）右边 例：The bank is across from the school. 银行在学校对面
❖ across可以作介词，也可以作副词，意为“穿过；越过”，通常表示从物体表面穿过。
例：Can you swim across? 你能游过去吗? ( across作副词)
I’m helping an old man walk across the street. 我正在帮助一位老人过马路 ( across作介词)
❖ 辨析：across, through, over
表示从物体的表面穿过， across 常与之搭配的词有street, road, river 等 表示从某个立体空间穿过， through 常与之搭配的词有city, forest, park, tunnel, window等 例： Be careful when you go across the street. over 表示从某物的上方越过或跨过 = Be careful when you cross the street. 过马路的时候要小心一点
(3) —Are there any restaurants near here? 这附近有-些饭店吗?
—Yes. there's one in front of the post office. 有，邮局前面就有一家 ① 辨析：one, it, that one 用来指代前面提到的同类事物中的任何一个， I don’t have any stamps. Can you give me one? cross也表示“穿过”，但它是动词， 而across是介词，walk/ go across = cross 注意： 2 / 6
表泛指，相当于“a/an+单数可数名词” 我没有邮票了。你能给我一枚吗? Can you see the bird in the tree? I like it. it 指代上文出现过的特定事物，即“同一事物” 你看到树上的那只鸟了吗? 我很喜欢它。 用来指代前面特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词， that 相当于“the+单数可数名词或不可数名词”； 为避免重复，than后通常用that 牛刀小试
The library of our school is bigger than that of yours.我们学校的图书馆比你们学校的大。 Sam finds sweeping robots useful, and he plans to buy _____ for his grandma. A.it B.one C. this D. that ② in front of是固定搭配，意为“在....前面”。
例：I can’t see the blackboard because a tall boy is sitting in front of me.
我看不到黑板，因为一个高个子男孩正坐在我的前面。
❖ 辨析：in front of和in the front of
There is a big tree in front of the classroom. in front of 指某场所或空间之外的前面 教室前面有一棵大树 （树在教室的外面） There is a student standing in the front of the classroom. in the front of 指某场所或空间之内的前面 有一个学生正站在教室的前面 （学生在教室的里面） 牛刀小试
—Why does the girl look unhappy.
—Because the boy ____ her is so tall that she can’t see the movie clearly. A. behind B.next to C.in front of D. from
(4) I love to watch the monkeys climbing around. 我喜欢看猴子们爬来爬去 ❖ watch sb. doing sth. 意为“看着某人正在做某事”。
例：I watched him walking across the street. 我看着他在过马路 ❖ 辨析：watch sb. doing sth.；watch sb. do sth.
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watch sb. doing sth. watch sb. do sth. 表示“看着某人正在做某事”，此时强调动作正在进行 表示“看着某人做某事”，此时强调动作经常发生或看到事情发生的全过程 类似的动词还有see, notice, hear等。 这类动词的宾语带宾语补足语时，宾补可以为省略to的动词不定式，也可以是动词的现在分词形式。例：Can you see some boys playing soccer in the playground? 你能看见一些男孩儿正在操场上踢足球吗? I saw the boy get into the library. 我看见那个男孩进了图书馆。 牛刀小试
My uncle’s dog was in the garden. I saw it _____ under the tree. A.to play B.playing C. plays D. is playing (5) To get there, I usually walk out and turn right on Bridge Road.
为了到达那里，我通常步行外出，在大桥路向右拐
① “To get there” 是动词不定式作目的状语，置于句前表强调。
例：To make more money, he often goes to bed late and gets up early. 为了挣更多的钱，他经常起早贪黑 牛刀小试
_______________________ , he has to listen to tapes every day.
A.To learn English well B.Learn English well C.Learning English well
② turn right 意为“向右转”，反义短语turn left 意为“向左转”。其中turn作动词，意为“转向”。
例：Turn right at the first corner. 在第一个拐角处向右拐 ❖ 常见的turn短语有
turn left 向左转 turn on 打开 turn up 开大；调高 turn in上交 牛刀小试
Grandma wants to watch the program Legal Report. Please ________ the TV. A. turn off B .turn on C. turn down
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turn right 向右转 turn off 关闭 turn down 开小；调低 turn over翻转 (6) The best things in life are free! 生活中最好的东西是免费的！ ❖ free形容词，意为“免费的”。
例：Here is your free lunch. 这是你的免费午餐 Your ticket is free. 你的票是免费的 ❖ free作形容词，还可以意为“自由的，有空的”。
例：Are you free tomorrow? 明天你有空吗？
I have some free time on weekends. 在周末我有些空闲的时间
(7) It is very quiet and I enjoy reading there. 那儿很安静，我喜欢在那里读书。 ❖ enjoy doing sth. 意为“喜欢做某事”，其中enjoy后若跟动词，只能跟动名词。
例：Most boys enjoy playing computer games. 大多数男孩儿喜欢玩电脑游戏 ❖ 能跟动名词作宾语的动词，常见的此类搭配有：
enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事 keep doing sth. 继续做某事 finish doing sth. 完成某事 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 practice doing sth. 练习做某事 ❖ 拓展：enjoy oneself过得愉快；玩得开心=have fun, have a good/ great/ wonderful time
例：You will enjoy yourself if you go to the party. 如果你去参加聚会，你会玩得很开心 4. 语法聚焦 (1) There be句型 ① 用法结构 用法 结构 表示“某地有某物/人”，强调某人或某物与某地的位置关系 There be+主语+地点状语，意为“某地有某人/物” 补充：There be形式有There is和There are。由离be动词最近的一个主语来决定be动词的单复数， 即“就近原则” 例： There is a desk and two chairs in the room. 房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子。(离be动词最近的主语是a desk) 5 / 6
There are two chairs and a desk in the room. 房间里有两把椅子和一张桌子。(离be动词最近的主语是two chairs) ② There be句型的句式变化 肯定句 否定句 There is/ are+主语+地点状语 There is a book on the shelf. 书架上有一本书 There isn't/ aren't+主语+地点状语 There isn’t a book on the shelf. 书架上没有书。 Is/ Are there+ 主语+地点状语? --Is there a book on the shelf? 书架上有一本书吗? --Yes, there is. 是的，有 --No, there isn’t. 不，没有 一般疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 Yes, there is/are. No, there isn’t/aren’t. (2) Where引导的特殊疑问句
❖ 意为“哪里”，询问位置，一般回答地点
例：--Where do you live? --I live in Nanjing. (3) 介词（书本P115）
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