名词性从句讲解样稿

名词性从句讲解
在复合句中起名词作用从句叫做名词性从句。它包含主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

一、名词性从句

主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起作用，相当于一个名词。所以，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。

引导名词性从句连接词可分为三类：
连接词：that,whether, if （不充当从句任何成份）
连接代词：what,whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.

连接副词：when,where, how, why

1.主语从句（两种结构，三类连接词）

两种结构 1.主语从句在句首：
Who kept the door open all night was unknown. What he wants is a book. 2.主语从句在句尾，it 作形式主语。

（1）It+ be + 名词+that从句
It’sa pity that we can’t go.

It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game.

（2）It+ be + 形容词+that从句.

Itseems obvious that we can not go on like this.

（3）It+ be + 动词过去分词+that从句

Itis known to all that light travels in straight lines.

Itis reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite intoorbit.
（4）It+ 不及物动词+that 从句 注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用
虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常见句型有：

Itis necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that …
Itis a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that…
Itis suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…
三类连接词:
1.连词thatwhether
that引导主语从句:引导词that无含义,在句中不做成份,不能够省。

whether引导主语从句:whether有含义(是否),在句中不做成份,不能够省。

Thatyou will win the medal seems unlikely.

Thatshe survived the accident is a miracle.

Whethershe is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.

2.连接代词who,whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用，担当一定成份.

What you need is more practice. What I want to know is this. Whatever we do is to serve the people. Where we should leave it is a problem.

Whenthey will come hasn’t been made pubic.

Wherethe English evening will be held has not yet been announced.

练习

1.	has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
A. Who			B. The one		C. Anyone		D. Whoever
2. It was		he said			disappointed me.
A. what ; that				B. that; that		C. what; what	D. that; what
3.		we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If			B. Whether		C. That		D. Where

4.	he said at the meeting surprised everybody present.
				D. The matter
A. What		B. That	C. The fact

5._______he made an important speech at the meeting was true.

A. That

B. Why

C. What

D. How

6.It is necessary that a college student _______ at least a foreignlanguage.

A. masters

B. should master

C. mastered

D. will master

7.WhatI say and think ___ none of your business.

A. is

B. are

C. has

D have

8._______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an internationallanguage.

2. 宾语从句 A. There B. This C. That 联词大致一样，在句中能够作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词宾语。 1. 由连接词that 引导宾语从句由连接词that 引导宾语从句时，that 在句中不担任任何成

份，在口语或非正式文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前that不可省。

比如：

Hehas told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.

Wemust never think (that) we are good in everything while others aregood in nothing.

注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist,desire, demand, request, command等表

示要求、命令、提议、决定等意义动词后，宾语从句常见“（should）+动词原形”。比

如：

I insist that she (should) do her work alone. The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once.

2.用who，whom,which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever,whichever等关联词引导宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈说语序。Iwant to know what he has told you. 。

Shealways thinks of how she can work well.

Shewill give whoever needs help a warm support.

3.用whether或if引导宾语从句，其主语和谓语次序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈说句语序。另外，whether和if在作“是否”意思讲时在下列情况下通常只能用whether，不用if：a.引导主语从句并在句首时；b.引导表语从句时；c. 引导从句作介词宾语时；d.从句后有“ornot”时；e.后接动词不定式时。

Whetherthere is life on the moon is an interesting question.

Everythingdepends on whether we have enough money.

4.注意宾语从句中时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句依据本身句子情况，而使用不一样时态。

I know (that) he studied English last term. （从句用通常过去时）I know (that) he studies English every day. （从句用通常现在时） 当主句动词是过去时态（could, would 除外），从句则要用对应过去时态，如通常过

去时，过去进行时，过去未来时等；当从句表示是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则

从句仍用现在时态。

比如：Theteacher told us that Tom had left us for America．

5.think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引发否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中动词变为否定式。立即从句中否定形式移到主句中。

Wedon’t think you are here.

Idon’t believe he will do so.

练习

1. ______ surprised me most was ______ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so
well.
A. That…what B. What…that	C. That…which	D. What…which

2.Excuse me would you please tell me ________
A.when the sports meet is taken place B. when is the sports meet goingto be held C.when is the sports meet to begin D. when the sports meet is to takeplace 3. Do you happen to know ________
A.what size shoes he wears B. how big shoes he wears
C.what is the size of his shoes D. what number shoes are his
4.Where do you think ________

A. has he gone

B. has he been

C. he's gone

D. was he

5.Do you know ________
A.how many populations there are in the world
B.how much population there is in the world
C.how many the population of the world is

D. what the population of the world is 6. He didn't know which room ________. A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in 7. The little boy ate ________ his mother gave him. A. that

8.Heinsisted that he ________ in good health and _______ to work there.

A. was, be sent B. is, is sent

C. be, was sent

D. be, send

9.They discussed ________ they could settle the problem without others'help.

A. if

B. that

C. what

D. whether

10.He said that he was fond of ________.

A.what beautiful is B. what is beautiful
C.beautiful is what D. what it is beautiful
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3.表语从句 1.that引导表语从句
that仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成份，通常不能省略。这种从句往往

对主句主语内容起深入解释作用。其基础结构为：主语+系动词+that从句。如： Thefact is that we have lost the game.

Whatsurprised me most was that all the pupils were unusuallyquiet.
当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。如：
Thereason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minutethis morning.

2.wh-疑问词引导表语从句
①连接代词what，which，who，whom，whose除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语，且各有各词义。如：
Theproblem is who is really fit for the hard job.(who在从句中作主语)
Tomis no longer what he used to be.(what在从句中作系动词be表语)
②连接副词when,where,how,why除在句中起连接作用外，在从句子中还充当初间，地点，方法，原因状语，本身含有词义。如：

That's where I can't agree with you. ③whether 引导表语从句 连接词whether 起连接作用，意为“是否，到底，到底”(注意：if 不能引导表语从句)，在句中也不作任何成份。

3.其它连词asif,because,as,as though引导表语从句
because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/Itis/was because...”结构中。asif/as though引导表语从句常置于系动词look，seem，sound，be，become等后面，常见虚拟语气，表示不存在动作或状态。如：
Theelephant feels as if/though he were a wall.
Itlooks as if it is going to rain.

4.主语是表示提议、命令、要求等名词，那么表语从句应该用虚拟语气，即should后接动词原形,(should能够省略)。如：
Hissuggestion is that we (should) climb all the way to the top of thehill.练习
1.Theproblem is ________will go to the meeting.

A. why

B. when

C. what

D. who

2.Itlooks _______ it were going to rain.

A. even if

B. as if

C. even though

D. like

3.Thatis _______ he likes the place so much.

A. that

B. what

C. why

D. how

4.Thatis ______ Lu Xun once lived.

A. what

B. where

C. that

D. why

5.WhatI'm considering now _________ the money we need.

A. is

B. are

C. were

D. was

6.The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.

A. that

B. which

C. what

D. such

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4.同位语从句

同位语从句说明其前面名词具体内容。同位语从句通常由that 引导，可用于同位语从句名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、 order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word 等。比如：The news that we won the game is exciting. I have no idea when he will come back home.

Thethought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.

同位语从句和定语从句区分：

that作为关系代词，能够引导定语从句，充当句子成份，在从句中作宾语时能够省

略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成份，通常不能

省略。试比较下面两个例句:

Thenews that we won the game is exciting.（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）

Thenews that he told me is exciting.（that引导定语从句，作宾语，能够省略）

练习

1.As the day was fine, I made the suggestion ________ for a walk in thepark. A.we go B.we will go C. should we go 2.Thefact _______ she had not said anything surprised all of us.

A. which

B. what

C. that

D. how

3.Now there is a danger ________ the ground may fall in (沉下)under the heavy traffic.

A. whether

B. if

C. X

D. that

4.Last Sunday he made a promise ________ he was free he would take meto Qingdao.

A. if

B. that

C. that if

D. whether

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名词性从句

1.______ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imaginationof the writer.

A.That B. What C. Who D. Which

2.Experts believe____ people can waste less food by shopping only whenit is

necessary.

A.why B. where C.that D. what

3.Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell_______ close you

may be to victory. A. how B. that C. which 4. _______ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.
A. what B. whose	C. which	D. that

6.It remains to be seen the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into

practice.

A. that

B. which

C. what

D. whether

7. ______ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for thecompany.

A. When	B. How		C. What	D. That
8.	I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.
A. That	B. Which			C. Whether	D. What
9. Police have found			appears to be the lost ancient statue.
A. which		B. where	C. how D. what

10.The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief_____you are

betterthan anyone else on the sports field.

A. how

B. that

C. which

D. whether

11.______struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love forhis son.

A. That

B. It

C. What

D. Which

12.From space, the earth looks blue. This is ______about seventy-onepercent of its

surfaceis covered by water.

A. why	B. how	C. because	D. whether
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